{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:26:08Z","timestamp":1792178768050,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Research Council at Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet","award":["R85-A3157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R85-A3157"]}]},{"name":"The Danish Childhood Cancer Association","award":["2015-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015-30"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007403","name":"Dagmar Marshalls Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Netherlands Organization for Healt Research and Development","award":["40-41500-98-11044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40-41500-98-11044"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Differentially and functionally distinct T cell subsets are involved in the development of complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but little is known about factors regulating their recovery after HSCT. In this study, we investigated associations between immune-regulating cytokines, T cell differentiation, and clinical outcomes. We included 80 children undergoing allogeneic HSCT for acute leukemia using bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells grafted from a matched sibling or unrelated donor. Cytokines (IL-7, IL-15, IL-18, SCF, IL-6, IL-2, and TNF-\u03b1) and active anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) levels were longitudinally measured along with extended T cell phenotyping. The cytokine profiles showed a temporary rise in IL-7 and IL-15 during lymphopenia, which was strongly dependent on exposure to active ATG. High levels of IL-7 and IL-15 from graft infusion to day +30 were predictive of slower T cell recovery during the first 2 mo post-HSCT; however, because of a major expansion of memory T cell stages, only naive T cells remained decreased after 3 mo (p &amp;lt; 0.05). No differential effect was seen on polarization of CD4+ T cells into Th1, Th2, or Th17 cells or regulatory T cells. Low levels of IL-7 and IL-15 at day +14 were associated with acute graft-versus-host disease grades II\u2013IV in ATG-treated patients (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0002, respectively). Children with IL-7 levels comparable to healthy controls at day +14 post-HSCT were less likely to develop EBV reactivation posttransplant. These findings suggest that quantification of IL-7 and IL-15 may be useful as biomarkers in assessing the overall T cell depletion and suggest a potential for predicting complications after HSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2001077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T18:40:44Z","timestamp":1623264044000},"page":"2828-2838","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["IL-7 and IL-15 Levels Reflect the Degree of T Cell Depletion during Lymphopenia and Are Associated with an Expansion of Effector Memory T Cells after Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"206","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7167-012X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrine","family":"Kielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Rheumatology and Spine Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3766-6936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa V E","family":"Oostenbrink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6256-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik G J","family":"von Asmuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-0584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja M","family":"Jansen-Hoogendijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique M","family":"van Ostaijen-ten Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2558-1935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Ifversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6421-9576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"Heilmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4391-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco W","family":"Schilham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0563-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astrid G S","family":"van Halteren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robbert G M","family":"Bredius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjan C","family":"Lankester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelia M","family":"Jol-van der Zijde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1600-4279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maarten J D","family":"van Tol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children\u2019s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital 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