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However, the importance of this pathway in humans and the cell types that use this innate immune receptor family to detect A. fumigatus remain unresolved. In this study, using patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we demonstrate that a polymorphism in human MAVS present in the donor genome was associated with the incidence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Moreover, in a separate cohort of confirmed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis patients, polymorphisms in the IFIH1 gene alter the inflammatory response, including IFN-responsive chemokines. Returning to our murine model, we now demonstrate that CD11c+ Siglec F+ alveolar macrophages require Mavs expression to maintain host resistance against A. fumigatus. Our data support the role of MAVS signaling in mediating antifungal immunity in both mice and humans at least in part through the role of MAVS-dependent signaling in alveolar macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T11:19:24Z","timestamp":1657797564000},"page":"346-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["MAVS Expression in Alveolar Macrophages Is Essential for Host Resistance against\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"209","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2152-9045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Lebanon, NH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho , Braga,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine S","family":"Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Lebanon, NH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelly J","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1351-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o F","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Hematologia e Transplanta\u00e7\u00e3o de Medula, Hospital de Santa Maria , Lisbon,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Transplanta\u00e7\u00e3o de Medula \u00d3ssea, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia do Porto , Porto,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrien","family":"Lagrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Medical Mycology, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4257-5980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Maertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja M","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8935-8030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agostinho","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho , Braga,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4068-7911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua J","family":"Obar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Lebanon, NH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021008211098300_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1086\/652768","article-title":"Factors associated with mortality in transplant patients with invasive aspergillosis","volume":"50","author":"Baddley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. 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