{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:17:27Z","timestamp":1792790247599,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the national natural science foundation of china","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82202364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the national key R&D program of china","award":["2021YFC2009100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2009100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease, predominantly affecting women. Although the pathogenesis of HT is incompletely understood, some studies have found that macrophage polarization plays a role. Puerarin is a soy isoflavone compound that has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and regulates macrophage immune activity. This study aimed to verify the therapeutic effect of puerarin on HT and explored its regulatory effect on macrophage polarization imbalance in HT. Through bioinformatics analysis and molecular biology methods, it was found that macrophages increased significantly in HT patients and model mice. Immunological staining showed that puerarin intervention could reduce tissue inflammatory cell infiltration. Molecular biological examination displayed that puerarin could inhibit local and systemic inflammation levels, and the expression of marker thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase Abs. In vivo experimental results indicated that puerarin regulated macrophage polarity and reduced inflammatory damage, possibly by inhibiting the pyroptosis signaling pathway. In vivo macrophage clearance experiments demonstrated that puerarin relied on macrophages to exert its mechanism of action in treating HT. The results of this study indicate that macrophages are important mediators in the development of HT, and puerarin can regulate macrophage polarity and inflammatory status to provide thyroid tissue protection, which provides a new idea for the treatment of HT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T10:28:57Z","timestamp":1714127337000},"page":"1670-1679","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Puerarin Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis by Regulating Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"212","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8189-6061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9065-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025020405502143100_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102649","article-title":"Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an update on pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic protocols, therapeutic strategies, and potential malignant transformation","volume":"19","author":"Ralli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autoimmun. 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