{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T05:13:12Z","timestamp":1772255592327,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells constitute a versatile T cell subset with important regulatory functions, which are thought to result essentially from their capacity to promptly produce cytokines that influence the Th1\/Th2 balance. In this study, we report that these cells can also express Foxp3, an important transcriptional regulator associated with suppressive activity, once they have been exposed to TGF-\u03b2. Foxp3 was expressed by iNKT cells from both peripheral and cord blood. CD4+ iNKT cells acquired Foxp3 expression preferentially, although a lower proportion of their CD4\u2212 counterpart also became positive. All Foxp3+ iNKT cells displayed CD25 but not necessarily CTLA4 or GITR, regardless of the upregulation of these markers in the presence of TGF-\u03b2. Exposure to TGF-\u03b2 decreased IL-4 and IFN-\u03b3 production while increasing IL-10, independently from Foxp3 expression. IL-17 was not detected. TGF-\u03b2 induced high levels of Foxp3, but no suppressor activity, which emerged only in the presence of rapamycin. Peripheral and cord blood Foxp3+ iNKT cells suppressed the proliferation of conventional autologous and heterologous CD4+ T cells equally, in a cell contact-dependent and Ag-independent manner. Our findings demonstrate that human iNKT cells become suppressive in the presence of TGF-\u03b2 plus rapamycin, thus adding a new facet to their complex functional properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:54:01Z","timestamp":1323737641000},"page":"624-631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Rapamycin Combined with TGF-\u03b2 Converts Human Invariant NKT Cells into Suppressive Foxp3+ Regulatory Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"L\u00facia","family":"Moreira-Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Odile","family":"Devergne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]},{"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Herbeuval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Hermine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Dy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]},{"given":"Anabela","family":"Cordeiro-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Maria C","family":"Leite-de-Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8147, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Ren\u00e9 Descartes , Paris V, H\u00f4pital Necker, 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032409444463600_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115742","article-title":"Toward an understanding of NKT cell biology: progress and paradoxes","volume":"23","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. 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