{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:46:55Z","timestamp":1760298415858},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>MMP-3 is capable of degrading a variety of proteins, including agrin, which plays a critical role in neuromuscular signaling by controlling acetylcholine receptor clustering. High MMP-3 levels in a proportion of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients have been reported. A pathogenic role of MMP-3 in other neurological disorders has been suggested but not proven. We have therefore examined the levels of MMP-3 in 124 MG patients and compared them to 59 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, 74 epilepsy patients, 33 acute stroke patients, and 90 healthy controls. 15.3% of the patients in the MG group were MMP-3-positive (defined as higher than cutoff value 48\u2009ng\/mL) with very high mean MMP-3 concentration (79.9\u2009ng\/mL), whereas the proportion of MMP-3 positive patients in the MS (3.4%), epilepsy (6.7%), stroke (0%), and the control group (4.4%) was significantly lower. Mean MMP-3 concentration in the total MG group (25.5\u2009ng\/mL) was significantly higher than in the MS (16.6\u2009ng\/mL) and stroke (11.7\u2009ng\/mL) groups, but did not differ significantly from the epilepsy (19.4\u2009ng\/mL) and the control group (23.4\u2009ng\/mL). MMP-3 may have a specific pathogenic effect in MG in addition to being associated with autoimmune diseases in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/151258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,20]],"date-time":"2011-09-20T10:59:10Z","timestamp":1316516350000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Myasthenia Gravis Compared to Other Neurological Disorders and Healthy Controls"],"prefix":"10.4061","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Luckman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Neurology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils Erik","family":"Gilhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Neurology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Romi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"ECM proteinases","year":"1999"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.07.005"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(200005)43:2<140::AID-NEU4>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"issue":"9","key":"4","first-page":"1129","volume":"32","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Cell Biology"},{"key":"5","first-page":"933","volume":"51","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(00)00173-5"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90105-2","volume":"5","year":"1993","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Immunology"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(95)00169-7"},{"issue":"8473","key":"9","first-page":"116","volume":"1","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/85520"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20061"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.16.4951"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.153.1.1"},{"issue":"12","key":"14","first-page":"2329","volume":"21","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"15","first-page":"409","volume":"16","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"16","first-page":"192","volume":"91","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200601000-00004"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-005-1165-y"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.10.018"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000322737"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.040"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.068619"},{"issue":"12","key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5985","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.12.5985","volume":"93","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.141.3.715"}],"container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/151258.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/151258.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/151258.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T02:39:12Z","timestamp":1497926352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/151258\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["151258","151258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4061\/2011\/151258","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0430","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}