{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:41:18Z","timestamp":1789990878283,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is caused by antibodies that react mainly with the acetylcholine receptor on the postsynaptic site of the neuromuscular junction. A wide range of clinical presentations and associated features allow MG to be classified into subtypes based on<jats:italic>autoantibody<\/jats:italic>status. Striational antibodies, which react with epitopes on the muscle proteins titin, ryanodine receptor (RyR), and Kv1.4, are frequently found in MG patients with late-onset and thymoma. Antititin and anti-RyR antibodies are determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunoblot. More recently, a method for the detection of anti-Kv1.4 autoantibodies has become available, involving 12\u201315% of all MG patients. The presence of striational antibodies is associated with more severe disease in all MG subgroups. Anti-Kv1.4 antibody is a useful marker for the potential development of lethal autoimmune myocarditis and response to calcineurin inhibitors. Detection of striational antibodies provides more specific and useful clinical information in MG patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/740583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]],"date-time":"2011-08-08T11:42:06Z","timestamp":1312803726000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Three Types of Striational Antibodies in Myasthenia Gravis"],"prefix":"10.4061","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Shigeaki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimiaki","family":"Utsugisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hanamaki General Hospital, Hanamaki 025-0075, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriko","family":"Nagane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hanamaki General Hospital, Hanamaki 025-0075, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70063-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.164.4.1043","volume":"164","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.8.1329","volume":"37","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(90)90110-E"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(81)90021-7"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345273a0"},{"issue":"2","key":"7","first-page":"284","volume":"82","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.3.442"},{"issue":"8","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1581","volume":"43","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00164-1"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320419"},{"issue":"4","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939409010673","volume":"17","year":"1994","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.08.017"},{"issue":"6","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.6.885","volume":"58","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.9.1555","volume":"57","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.9.1579","volume":"57","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"17","first-page":"1006","volume":"251","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2007.01785.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.8.1121"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2010.10.023"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1405.040"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.08.002"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00260.x"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(00)00394-5"},{"issue":"5","key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.1999.650555.x","volume":"6","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10294"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.01.001"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.01.036"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21887"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.06.001"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.01.001"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000312275.04260.a0"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70137-X"},{"issue":"12","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000032502.89361.0C","volume":"59","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(95)00106-C"},{"issue":"6","key":"36","first-page":"1839","volume":"148","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199810)21:10<1299::AID-MUS8>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(02)00145-5"},{"issue":"3","key":"39","first-page":"331","volume":"66","year":"1992","journal-title":"Laboratory Investigation"},{"issue":"10","key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000125254.99397.68","volume":"62","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199812)21:12<1655::AID-MUS5>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"issue":"7","key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.7.843","volume":"57","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2003.00678.x"},{"issue":"11","key":"44","first-page":"1596","volume":"57","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.4.527","volume":"57","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.229"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.231"},{"issue":"8","key":"48","first-page":"496","volume":"43","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"49","first-page":"32","volume":"51","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Neurology"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.07.037"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21462"}],"container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/740583.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/740583.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/740583.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T04:25:55Z","timestamp":1497932755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2011\/740583\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["740583","740583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4061\/2011\/740583","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0430","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}