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Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the effector molecules that trigger RNAi. Here, we describe siRNAs that discriminate between the wild type and mutant (1174 C\u2192G) alleles of human Presenilin1 gene (<jats:italic>PSEN1<\/jats:italic>). This mutation, resulting in L392V PSEN1 variant, contributes to early onset familial Alzheimer\u2032s disease. Using the dual fluorescence assay, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy we identified positions 8th\u201311th, within the central part of the antisense strand, as the most sensitive to mismatches. 2\u2010Thiouridine chemical modification introduced at the 3\u2032\u2010end of the antisense strand improved the allele discrimination, but wobble base pairing adjacent to the mutation site abolished the siRNA activity. Our data indicate that siRNAs can be designed to discriminate between the wild type and mutant alleles of genes that differ by just a single nucleotide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/809218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,7]],"date-time":"2011-04-07T17:33:22Z","timestamp":1302197602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Specific Silencing of L392V <i>PSEN1<\/i> Mutant Allele by RNA Interference"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Sierant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Paduszynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Kazmierczak-Baranska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Nacmias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Sorbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bagnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elzbieta","family":"Sochacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Nawrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Morbus Alzheimer and morbus Pick; a genetic, clinical and pathoanatomical study","volume":"82","author":"Sj\u00f6gren T.","year":"1952","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandinavica. 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