{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:33:20Z","timestamp":1791495200492,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","mayoclinicproceedings.org","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mayo Clinic Proceedings"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,30]],"date-time":"2009-12-30T18:42:46Z","timestamp":1262198566000},"page":"87-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":414,"title":["Vulvovaginal Atrophy"],"prefix":"10.4065","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Maire B.","family":"Mac Bride","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne T.","family":"Shuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07453.x","article-title":"Sexual problems and help-seeking behavior in adults in the United Kingdom and continental Europe","volume":"101","author":"Moreira","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib2","first-page":"1107","article-title":"Postmenopausal women's attitudes: vulvovaginal atrophy and its symptoms [abstract LB-10]","volume":"14","author":"Simon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348409155509","article-title":"Prevalence of genito-urinary symptoms in the late menopause","volume":"63","author":"Iosif","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib4","first-page":"351","article-title":"A prospective population-based study of menopausal symptoms","volume":"96","author":"Dennerstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obst Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349709047826","article-title":"The prevalence and severity of climacteric symptoms and the use of different treatment regimens in a Swedish population","volume":"76","author":"Stadberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.5.463","article-title":"Relation of demographic and lifestyle factors to symptoms in a multi-racial\/ethnic population of women 40-55 years of age","volume":"152","author":"Gold","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib7","first-page":"43","article-title":"Sociodemographic characteristics, biological factors, and symptom reporting in midlife women","volume":"5","author":"Wilbur","year":"1998","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GME.0000117061.40493.AB","article-title":"Association of breast cancer and its therapy with menopause-related symptoms","volume":"11","author":"Crandall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.09.006","article-title":"Healthcare seeking and treatment for menopausal symptoms in the United States","volume":"58","author":"Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-006-9260-6","article-title":"Quality of life of postmenopausal women in the ATAC (\u201cArimidex\u201d, tamoxifen, alone or in combination) trial after completion of 5 years' adjuvant treatment for early breast cancer","volume":"100","author":"Cella","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib11","series-title":"Menopause Practice: A Clinician's Guide","author":"North American Menopause Society (NAMS)","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.12.015","article-title":"Vaginal pH is similar to follicle-stimulating hormone for menopause diagnosis","volume":"190","author":"Roy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00569-6","article-title":"Urogenital atrophy","volume":"14","author":"Brown","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03330040033027","article-title":"Estrogen deprivation and vaginal function in postmenopausal women","volume":"248","author":"Semmens","year":"1982","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e318148b98b","article-title":"The effect of transdermal and vaginal estrogen therapy on markers of postmenopausal estrogen status","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.63.1.165","article-title":"Role of estrogen receptor beta in estrogen action","volume":"63","author":"Pettersson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib17","first-page":"228","article-title":"Postmenopausal vaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis","volume":"314","author":"Pandit","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(94)90008-6","article-title":"Estrogen and urinary incontinence in women","volume":"20","author":"Sultana","year":"1994","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb10655.x","article-title":"Urogenital ageing and its effect on sexual health in older British women","volume":"104","author":"Barlow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3109\/13697139909038062","article-title":"Development and validation of a physical examination scale to assess vaginal atrophy and inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Greendale","year":"1999","journal-title":"Climateric"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib21","first-page":"321","article-title":"Non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva","volume":"77","author":"O'Connell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31805170eb","article-title":"The role of local vaginal estrogens for the treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: 2007 position statement of The North American Menopause Society","volume":"14","author":"North American Menopause Society","year":"2007","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001500.pub2","article-title":"Local oestrogens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women","author":"Suckling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(92)90246-Z","article-title":"Low-dose oestradiol in the treatment of urogenital oestrogen deficiency\u2014a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study","volume":"15","author":"Nilsson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib25","first-page":"556","article-title":"Estradiol absorption from vaginal tablets in postmenopausal women","volume":"99","author":"Notelovitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31817b6132","article-title":"Effect of one-week treatment with vaginal estrogen preparations on serum estrogen levels in postmenopausal women","author":"Labrie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(97)90197-1","article-title":"Urogenital aging: solutions in clinical practice","volume":"59","author":"Notelovitz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"5, pt 1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000180394.08406.15","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy; does it cause incontinence?","volume":"1069","author":"Steinauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.8.935","article-title":"Effects of estrogen with and without progestin on urinary incontinence","volume":"293","author":"Hendrix","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.5.1488","article-title":"Effect of tamoxifen on sexual functioning in patients with breast cancer","volume":"17","author":"Mortimer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860050215945","article-title":"Randomized trial of adjuvant tamoxifen and\/or goserelin in premenopausal breast cancer: self-rated physiological effects and symptoms","volume":"39","author":"Nystedt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"issue":"3, pt 1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1314","article-title":"Maturation of vaginal and endometrial epithelium in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving long-term tamoxifen","volume":"55","author":"Lahti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.2.501","article-title":"Life after breast cancer: understanding women's health-related quality of life and sexual functioning","volume":"16","author":"Ganz","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.095","article-title":"Gynecologic and hormonal effects of raloxifene in premenopausal women","volume":"88","author":"Premkumar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib35","first-page":"558","article-title":"Adverse events reported by postmenopausal women in controlled trials with raloxifene","volume":"93","author":"Davies","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6931","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.11.181","article-title":"Assessment of quality of life in MA.17: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of letrozole after 5 years of tamoxifen in postmenopausal women","volume":"23","author":"Whelan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600294","article-title":"Tamoxifen effects on subjective and psychosexual well-being, in a randomised breast cancer study comparing high-dose and standard-dose chemotherapy","volume":"86","author":"Mourits","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1991.tb37890.x","article-title":"Effects of tamoxifen on the female genital tract","volume":"622","author":"Fornander","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/107327480200900603","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea and fertility in women undergoing adjuvant treatment for breast cancer","volume":"9","author":"Minton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-009-0008-4","article-title":"What is the current status of ovarian suppression\/ablation in women with premenopausal early-stage breast cancer?","volume":"11","author":"Higgins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdj127","article-title":"Caution: vaginal estradiol appears to be contraindicated in postmenopausal women on adjuvant aromatase inhibitors","volume":"17","author":"Kendall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib42","first-page":"230","article-title":"Open, non-controlled clinical studies to assess the efficacy and safety of a medical device in form of gel topically and intravaginally used in postmenopausal women with genital atrophy","volume":"56","author":"Morali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2004.02.008","article-title":"The effects of postmenopausal vitamin D treatment on vaginal atrophy","volume":"49","author":"Yildirim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e318057787f","article-title":"Vaginal, endometrial, and reproductive hormone findings: randomized, placebo-controlled trial of black cohosh, multibotanical herbs, and dietary soy for vasomotor symptoms: the Herbal Alternatives for Menopause (HALT) Study","volume":"15","author":"Reed","year":"2008","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e3181924701","article-title":"Vulvovaginal atrophy: new and upcoming approaches [editorial]","volume":"16","author":"Simon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000296714.12226.0f","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"111","author":"Bachmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GME.0000077620.13164.62","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose intravaginal estriol on urogenital aging in postmenopausal women","volume":"11","author":"Dessole","year":"2004","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2000.079004293.x","article-title":"Comparison of usefulness of estradiol vaginal tablets and estriol vagitories for treatment of vaginal atrophy","volume":"79","author":"Dugal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309093291102","article-title":"A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections","volume":"329","author":"Raz","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9167","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10233-7","article-title":"Low-potency oestrogen and risk of endometrial cancer: a case-control study","volume":"353","author":"Weiderpass","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31818aa7c3","article-title":"Effective treatment of vaginal atrophy with an ultra-low-dose estradiol vaginal tablet [published correction appears in Obstet Gyencol. 2008;112(6):1392]","volume":"112","author":"Simon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Mayo Clinic Proceedings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025619611603145?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025619611603145?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T23:10:50Z","timestamp":1710457850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025619611603145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0025619611603145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-6196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-6196","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vulvovaginal Atrophy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/mcp.2009.0413","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}