{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:54:15Z","timestamp":1775267655653,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Ital Urol Androl"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic inflammatory infiltrate (CII) might be involved in prostate cancer (PCA) and benign hyperplasia (BPH); however, its significance is controversial. Chronic inflammatory prostatitis type IV is the most common non cancer diagnosis in men undergoing biopsy because of suspected PCA. Objective: To evaluate potential associations of coexistent CII and PCA in biopsy specimens after prostate assessment. Design, setting, and participants: Between January 2007 and December 2008, 415 consecutive patients who underwent prostate biopsy were retrospectively evaluated. The investigated variables included Age (years) and PSA (ug\/l); moreover, CII+, glandular atrophy (GA+), glandular hyperplasia (GH+), prostate Intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN+), atypical small acinar cell proliferation (ASAP+) and PCA positive cores (P+) were evaluated as categorical and continuous (proportion of positive cores). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Associations of CII+ and PCA risk were assessed by statistical methods. Results and limitations: In the patient population, a biopsy core positive for PCA was detected in 34.2% of cases and the rate of high grade PCA (HGPCA: bGS ! 8) resulted 4.82%. CII+ significantly and inversely associated with a positive biopsy core P+ (P &amp;lt; 0.0001; OR = 0.26) and HGPCA (P = 0.0005; OR = 0.05). Moreover, the associations indicated that patients with coexistent CII+ on needle biopsy were 74% less likely to have coexistent PCA than men without CII+ as well as 95% less likely to have HGPCA in the biopsy core than men without coexistent CII+. There were limits in our study which was single centre and included only one dedicated pathologist. Conclusions: There was an inverse association of chronic inflammation of the prostate type IV and risk of PCA; moreover, HGPCA was less likely to be detected in cancers associated with coexistent CII. In prostate microenvironment, prostate chronic inflammation may be protective; however, its role in PCA carcinogenesis remains controversial and needs further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2014.3.208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T09:53:41Z","timestamp":1412934821000},"page":"208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Chronic inflammation of the prostate type IV with respect to risk of prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Antonio B.","family":"Porcaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Rubilotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Petrozziello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Ghimenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Migliorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Zecchini Antoniolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Lacola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmelo","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Curti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Cavalleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romeo","family":"Pianon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Artibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"container-title":["Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/index.php\/aiua\/article\/viewFile\/4758\/4208","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/index.php\/aiua\/article\/viewFile\/4758\/4222","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,12]],"date-time":"2016-05-12T08:38:37Z","timestamp":1463042317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/index.php\/aiua\/article\/view\/aiua.2014.3.208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/aiua.2014.3.208","relation":{},"ISSN":["2282-4197","1124-3562"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2282-4197","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1124-3562","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]}}}