{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T03:01:24Z","timestamp":1774321284091,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Ital Urol Androl"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Double J Stent is one of the procedures frequently performed in the field of urology. Forgotten DJ Stent is a problem that can cause serious complications. This systematic review aims to explore complications and management of patients with forgotten double J stents. Methods: Scientific literature was obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with a publication year limited to 2013-2023. The search string included \u2018forgotten DJ stent, case report, complication\u2019. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) case report or series, (2) available individual patient data, and (3) English language. Data are presented descriptively. Results: Of the 210 records, 14 articles published were analyzed after the full-text assessment. Forgotten DJ stent sufferers vary from age 7 years to 88 years. Male gender was predominant. The initial symptoms were flank pain and micturition disorders. The complications experienced were encrustation, multiple stones formation, emphysematous pyelonephritis, emphysematous perinephric abscess, fragmentation, and vesical calculus. In management, it was found that procedures were selected according to patient's situation at that time and the condition of the stent. There are case reports that report management that differed from those initially planned. All the patients were alive after treatment. Conclusions: A forgotten DJ stent can have serious consequences. The management approach requires a combination of various endourological procedures. In consideration of potential complications, urologists need to be careful in making decisions about the choice of technique used<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2025.13301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T12:42:59Z","timestamp":1738240979000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Management of forgotten double J stents: insight from a systematic review of case reports"],"prefix":"10.4081","author":[{"given":"Antonius Galih Pranesdha","family":"Putra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufi Aulia","family":"Azmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soetojo","family":"Wirjopranoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadya","family":"Rahmatika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6987-2566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agustin Junior","family":"Nanda De Niro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alviano Satria","family":"Wibawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin Muliawan","family":"Soetanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"164244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmood K, Singh KH, Upadhyay R, et al. Management of forgotten double-J stent in a tertiary care center with ten years of experience: a retrospective study. Int Surg. J 2020; 7:2615.","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20203243"},{"key":"164245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patil S, Raghuvanshi K, Jain DK, Raval A. Forgotten ureteral double- J stents and related complications: a real-world experience. African J Urol. 2020; 26:8.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12301-020-0020-3"},{"key":"164246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sohrab A, Aneesh S, Sureka SK, et al. Forgotten reminders: an experience with managing 28 forgotten double-J stents and management of related complications. Indian J Surg. 2015;77:1165-1171.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-015-1229-4"},{"key":"164247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adanur S, Ozkaya F. Challenges in treatment and diagnosis of forgotten\/encrusted double-J ureteral stents: the largest single-center experience. Ren Fail. 2016; 38:920-926.","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2016.1172928"},{"key":"164248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021; 372:n71.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"164249","unstructured":"Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Checklist for Case Reports. Available from: https:\/\/jbi.global\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-08\/Checklist_for_Case_Reports.pdf"},{"key":"164250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jhanwar A, Bansal A, Prakash G, Sankhwar S. Endourological management of forgotten double J ureteral stents: a single centre study. SM J Urol. 2017; 3:1-3.","DOI":"10.36876\/smju.1023"},{"key":"164251","unstructured":"Ali N, Somarendra K, Ali A. Forgotten double-J stent: evaluation and management in a tertiary hospital in the North East India. Int J Sci Stud. 2021; 9:103-8"},{"key":"164252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Hajjaj M, Alam OA, Abu-Hussein B, et al. Forgotten double-J ureteral stent: an analysis of 25 cases in a tertiary hospital. Ann Med Surg. 2022; 80:104223.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104223"},{"key":"164253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geavlete P, Georgescu D, Mul\u021bescu R, et al. Ureteral stent complications - experience on 50,000 procedures. J Med Life. 2021;14:769-775.","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2021-0352"},{"key":"164254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nerli RB, Magdum PV, Sharma V, et al. Forgotten\/retained double J ureteric stents: A source of severe morbidity in children. African J Paediatr Surg. 2016; 13:32-35.","DOI":"10.4103\/0189-6725.181704"},{"key":"164255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aboutaleb H.. A neglected double J ureteral stent for 10 years: a rare case report. Urol Case Reports. 2021; 36:101570.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2021.101570"},{"key":"164256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed F, Al-Wageeh S, Ghabisha S, et al. A case report of forgotten double J stent with giant calculus formation from the renal pelvis to the bladder. J Emerg Med Trauma Acute Care. 2021:13.","DOI":"10.5339\/jemtac.2021.13"},{"key":"164257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sigdel B, Shrestha S, Maskey P. Forgotten DJ stent presenting with emphysematous pyelonephritis: A life threatening complication. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021; 87:106405.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.106405"},{"key":"164258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee IH, Shin HS, Ahn DJ. A forgotten double-J ureteral stent resulting in an emphysematous perinephric abscess: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:E29418.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000029418"},{"key":"164259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prihadi JC, Kusumajaya C. Double-J stents forgotten for four years: A case report. Med J Indones. 2019; 28:280-283.","DOI":"10.13181\/mji.v28i3.3132"},{"key":"164260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alwesali SM. A long forgotten ureteral stent for 13 years post renal transplantation. Urol Case Reports. 2022; 44:102156.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2022.102156"},{"key":"164261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma A, Garg G, Sharma D, Singh M. Fungal bezoar in an immunocompetent patient: A rare complication of forgotten double J stent. BMJ Case Rep. 2018; 2018:bcr2018226904.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-226904"},{"key":"164262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghorai RP, Talwar HS, Mittal A, et al. A 17-year-old indwelling ureteral stent with large vesical calculus at one end: The tombstone of a forgotten Double \u201cJ\u201d stent. J Fam Med Prim Care 2022;11:796-798.","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_951_21"},{"key":"164263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kandemir A, S\u00f6nmez MG. Treatment of fragmented and severely encrusted ureteral double-J stent forgotten for 11 years through multimodal endourological methods. Urol Ann. 2019; 11:310-313.","DOI":"10.4103\/UA.UA_109_18"},{"key":"164264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Er ZN, Tiryaki SE, Erdener \u00c7eliktu\u0308rk C, Avlan D. Forgotten double-J stent with bladder stone formation: a pediatric case. Turkish Med Student J. 2023; 10:133-135.","DOI":"10.4274\/tmsj.galenos.2023.2022-12-4"},{"key":"164265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aamir S. Forgotten double J stent with maximum stone burden. J Clin Images Med Case Reports. 2022; 3:128-133.","DOI":"10.52768\/2766-7820\/1915"},{"key":"164266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta R, Dey RK, Sharma R, Gupta S. Bilateral staghorn calculus with forgotten double j stent in ileal conduit patient - A rare urological challenge. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2017; 11:PD9-10.","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/24704.10074"},{"key":"164267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu Y, Zhang J, Wang G. Use of cystourethroscopy to remove an indwelling double-J ureteral stent 6 years following simultaneous radical sigmoid colon cancer and partial bladder resection: A case report. Exp Ther Med. 2016; 11:2467-2469.","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3192"},{"key":"164268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumsa ID, Gebreamlak AL, Leul MM, et al. A case report on the management of neglected and forgotten DJ stent for 15 years with severe encrustation and multiple renal and bladder stones. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2023; 103:107859.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2022.107859"},{"key":"164269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vajpeyi V, Chipde S, Khan FA, Parashar S. Forgotten double-J stent: Experience of a tertiary care center. Urol Ann. 2020; 12:138-143.","DOI":"10.4103\/UA.UA_73_19"},{"key":"164270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin TF, Lin WR, Chen M, et al. The risk factors and complications of forgotten double-J stents: A single-center experience. J Chin Med Assoc. 2019; 82:767-771.","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000161"},{"key":"164271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng W, Chiu YC, Fan YH, et al. Risks of forgotten double-J ureteric stents after ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study. Sci Rep. 2020;10:20711.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77771-y"}],"container-title":["Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/download\/13301\/12787","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/download\/13301\/12787","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T12:43:15Z","timestamp":1738240995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/view\/13301"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/aiua.2025.13301","relation":{},"ISSN":["2282-4197","1124-3562"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2282-4197","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1124-3562","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]}}}