{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:17:28Z","timestamp":1774945048297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Ital Urol Androl"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Antibiotic resistance represents a major public health problem driven by inappropriate antimicrobial use. Cystoscopy is a common urological procedure associated with a low risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), and the role of routine antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing post-cystoscopy UTI.Materials and methods: A prospective observational comparative study including 297 patients undergoing outpatient cystoscopy. Patients were assigned to Group A (no prophylaxis, n=161) and Group B (cefuroxime 500 mg prophylaxis, n=136). Urine cultures were obtained one hour before and one week after cystoscopy. Significant bacteriuria was defined as &gt;104 CFU\/ml. Risk factors were analyzed according to current literature. Fisher\u2019s exact test and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS\/R.Results: UTI occurred in 5.59% of patients without prophylaxis and 5.88% with prophylaxis (p=1.00). Antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce infection risk (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.36-2.53). Baseline characteristics and risk factors were similar between\u00a0groups. No independent predictor reached statistical significance.Conclusions: Routine antibiotic prophylaxis does not reduce post-cystoscopy UTI incidence in low-risk patients, supporting restrictive and rational antimicrobial use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2026.14883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:53:55Z","timestamp":1774940035000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prospective observational comparative study on antibiotic prophylaxis in cystoscopy: towards a rational use of antimicrobials"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Magno Serrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve, Faro"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve, Faro"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Dores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve, Faro"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"An\u00edbal","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve, Faro"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"222188","unstructured":"1. Grabe M, Bartoletti R, Johansen TEB, et al. Guidelines on urological infections. Eur Urol. 2022; 81:1-20."},{"key":"222189","unstructured":"2. Garc\u00eda-Perdomo HA, L\u00f3pez H, Carbonell J, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in cystoscopy: systematic review and metaanalysis. J Urol. 2019; 201:676-684."},{"key":"222190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Herr HW. Does antibiotic prophylaxis reduce bacteriuria after outpatient cystoscopy? J Urol. 2015; 193:547-551.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.07.015"},{"key":"222191","unstructured":"4. Cai T, Verze P, Brugnolli A, et al. Adherence to antimicrobial stewardship principles in urology. Eur Urol. 2016; 70:633-640."},{"key":"222192","unstructured":"5. World Health Organization. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241509763"}],"container-title":["Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/download\/14883\/13951","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/download\/14883\/13951","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:53:58Z","timestamp":1774940038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/aiua\/article\/view\/14883"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/aiua.2026.14883","relation":{},"ISSN":["2282-4197","1124-3562"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2282-4197","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1124-3562","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]}}}