{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T12:20:19Z","timestamp":1756383619120,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]],"date-time":"2014-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The systemic vasculitides are multifocal diseases characterized by the presence of blood vessel inflammation in multiple organ systems. Their clinical presentation is variable extending from self-limited illness to critical complications including diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. Alveolar hemorrhage is a lifethreatening manifestation of pulmonary vasculitis that can rapidly progress into acute respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support. We present the case of a 74-year-old patient admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with severe hypoxic respiratory failure and diffuse alveolar infiltrates in chest imaging that was later diagnosed as antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis. The report highlights the importance of differentiate between alveolar hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome of other etiology because alveolar hemorrhage is reversible with prompt initiation of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2014.653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]],"date-time":"2014-07-04T16:39:44Z","timestamp":1404491984000},"page":"653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acute Respiratory Failure as Primary Manifestation of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies-Associated Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Evdokia","family":"Sourla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasilis","family":"Bagalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helias","family":"Tsioulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asimina","family":"Paspala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Akritidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3252-6694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasia","family":"Pataka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Fekete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis P.","family":"Kioumis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Stanopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Pitsiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem146a","article-title":"BSR and BHPR guidelines for the management of adults with ANCA associated vasculitis","volume":"46","author":"Lapraik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2013.01.002","article-title":"Vasculitis in the intensive care unit","volume":"27","author":"Wilfong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.002","article-title":"Vasculitis","volume":"125","author":"Langford","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715","article-title":"2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides","volume":"65","author":"Jennette","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hch055","article-title":"Polymyalgia rheumatica preceding small-vessel vasculitis: changed spots or misdiagnosis?","volume":"97","author":"Little","year":"2004","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2012.08.001","article-title":"Update on diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and pulmonary vasculitis","volume":"32","author":"Krause","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00075309","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage: Factors associated with inhospital and long-term mortality","volume":"35","author":"de Prost","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066610384551","article-title":"Pulmonary vasculitis in the intensive care unit","volume":"26","author":"Diaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.04.009","article-title":"Severe respiratory failure due to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: clinical characteristics and outcome of intensive care","volume":"25","author":"Rabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg322","article-title":"Prognosis and outcome of 26 patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis admitted to the intensive care unit","volume":"42","author":"Cruz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2936","article-title":"Clinical review: Vasculitis on the intensive care unit-part 1: diagnosis","volume":"9","author":"Semple","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.6.543","article-title":"The pulmonary physician in critical care illustrative case 3: pulmonary vasculitis","volume":"58","author":"Griffith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740600958611","article-title":"Predicting outcome and survival in patients with Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis treated on the intensive care unit","volume":"36","author":"Burkhardt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-2158-6","article-title":"Outcome of patients with connective tissue disease requiring intensive care for respiratory failure","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"}],"container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.clinicsandpractice.org\/index.php\/cp\/article\/viewFile\/653\/321","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2039-7283\/4\/2\/653\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T06:27:43Z","timestamp":1644474463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2039-7283\/4\/2\/653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["cp.2014.653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/cp.2014.653","relation":{},"ISSN":["2039-7283"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2039-7283"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]]}}}