{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:52:36Z","timestamp":1781877156332,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although high mortality rates have been reported for emphysematous pyelonephritis (EP), information on emphysematous cystitis (EC), which is less common, is sparse. Here, we report one new case of severe EC and 136 cases of EC that occurred between 2007 and 2016, and review information about the characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and mortality of these patients, and the pathogens found in these patients. The mean age of the 136 patients was 67.9\u00b114.2 years. Concurrent emphysematous infections of other organs were found in 21 patients (15.4%), with emphysematous pyelonephritis being the most common of these infections. The primary pathogen identified was Escherichia coli (54.4%). Patients were mainly treated by conservative management that included antibiotics (n=105; 77.2%). Ten of the 136 patients with EC died, yielding a mortality rate of 7.4%. Despite the relatively low mortality rate of EC compared with that of EP, a high degree of suspicion must be maintained to facilitate successful and conservative management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2017.930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T12:25:30Z","timestamp":1493382330000},"page":"930","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Emphysematous Cystitis: Mortality, Risk Factors, and Pathogens of a Rare Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3648-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Schicho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Stroszczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Wiggermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.017","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality in patients with emphysematous pyelonephritis: a meta-analysis","volume":"178","author":"Falagas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM190706131562403","article-title":"Pneumaturia, with report of a case","volume":"156","author":"Taussig","year":"1907","journal-title":"Boston Med Surg J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06930.x","article-title":"Emphysematous cystitis: a review of 135 cases","volume":"100","author":"Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2043","article-title":"Incidence of urinary tract infection in patients with type 2 diabetes. Experience from adverse event reporting in clinical trials","volume":"19","author":"Hammar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"}],"container-title":["Clinics and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.clinicsandpractice.org\/index.php\/cp\/article\/viewFile\/930\/801","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2039-7283\/7\/2\/930\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T06:43:42Z","timestamp":1644475422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2039-7283\/7\/2\/930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["cp.2017.930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/cp.2017.930","relation":{},"ISSN":["2039-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2039-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]}}}