{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:31:36Z","timestamp":1761294696098,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatol Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antecedents. This report presents three cases of Cutaneous tuberculosis CTB that were diagnosed at Calderon Hospital, Quito, Ecuador. The first case was Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TVC) in a 44-year-old man with circinated erythematous areas with ulcerated nodules and verruciform plaques from the right lower limb to the hip. The second case was Lupus Vulgaris (LV) in a 50- year-old female with one-year history of pruritic dermatosis in the left ciliary area. The third case was Scrofuloderma in a 23-year-old man with erythematous nodules that drain caseous material at neck, thorax and axillary region. Almost all laboratory tests that were available turned out to have limitations as a diagnostic tool. Conclusion. In immunocompromised and high-risk individuals with atypical lesions, it is important to correlate clinical and epidemiological characteristics with the pretest probability in order to optimize indicators and determine or exclude out the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/dr.2024.9770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T15:53:04Z","timestamp":1706111584000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cutaneous tuberculosis, different clinical spectrum of the same disease: the importance of pre-test probability"],"prefix":"10.4081","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0030-5667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Rosero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0447-0136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Balde\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4617-5813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Alulema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6885-5466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Rueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7338-5798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Vaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6029-9270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Galarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4303-0536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Pr\u00f3cel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"14449","unstructured":"ONU. 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Successful diagnosis and management of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis using antituberculosis therapy trial approach. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;37:1\u20138. [PMID: 33520055].","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.37.216.26531"},{"key":"14454","unstructured":"Kocagoz T, O\u2019Brien R, Perkins M, Baylan O. A new colorimetric culture system for the diagnosis of tuberculosis [3] (multiple letters). Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004;8."},{"key":"14455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brito AC de, Oliveira CMM de, Unger DAA, Bittencourt M de JS. Cutaneous tuberculosis: epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic update. An Bras Dermatol. 2022;97:129\u201344. [PMID: 34996655].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2021.07.004"},{"key":"14456","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connell TG, Rangaka MX, Curtis N, Wilkinson RJ. QuantiFERON-TB Gold: State of the art for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection? Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2006;6. [DOI: 10.1586\/14737159.6.5.663].","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.6.5.663"},{"key":"14457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jovita O, Fantoni J, Aryani IA, Kurniawati Y, Pamudji R. Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research Histopathological Features of Cutaneous Tuberculoid Granuloma Disorders. Biosci Med J Biomed Transl Res. 2021;5:825\u201336. [DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32539\/bsm.v5i9.347].","DOI":"10.32539\/bsm.v5i9.347"},{"key":"14458","unstructured":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica del Ecuador. Prevenci\u00f3n, diagn\u00f3stico, tratamiento y control de la tuberculosis. Guia de Pr\u00e1ctica Cl\u00ednica. 2018."},{"key":"14459","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Improving the diagnosis and treatment of smear-negative pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis among adults and adolescents. Recommendations for HIV-prevalent and resource-constrained settings. 2007"},{"key":"14460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Zyl L, Du Plessis J, Viljoen J. Cutaneous tuberculosis overview and current treatment 238regimens. Tuberculosis. 2015;95. [DOI: 10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006"},{"key":"14461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pai V, Naveen K, Athanikar S, et al. A clinico-histopathological study of lupus vulgaris: A 3 year experience at a tertiary care centre. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2014;5. [DOI: 10.4103\/2229-5178.142497].","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.142497"},{"key":"14462","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vural S, Unlu E, Karaosmanoglu N, et al. A giant mass on the scalp: an unusual presentation of lupus vulgaris. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58. [DOI: 10.1111\/ijd.14104].","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14104"},{"key":"14463","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behar SM, Martin CJ, Booty MG, et al. 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