{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T12:09:09Z","timestamp":1747224549543,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatol Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening acute mucocutaneous syndrome. It is characterized by keratinocyte necrosis and apoptosis, which affect more than 30% of the body's surface. TEN is most commonly due to an altered immunological response to specific drugs, infections, and malignancies, or it can be idiopathic. The combination of TEN and COVID-19 can have a fatal outcome if not recognized and promptly treated. Therefore, fast reporting of such cases will draw doctors\u2019 attention to quick and right intervention. In this article, we present a 66-year-old patient with a clinical presentation of toxic epidermal necrolysis along with a coexisting COVID-19 infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case of TEN in a patient diagnosed with SARS CoV\u20112 infection in Saudi Arabia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/dr.2024.9853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T13:19:49Z","timestamp":1706620789000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.4081","author":[{"given":"Duaa","family":"Alahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azhar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2499-8189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walaa","family":"Borhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Ozbuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esraa","family":"Shaheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"14590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sekula P, Dunant A, Mockenhaupt M, et al. Comprehensive survival analysis of a cohort of patients with Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2013; 133(5): pp. 1197\u20131204.","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.510"},{"key":"14591","unstructured":"Yang M-S, Lee JY, Kim J, Kim G-W, Kim B-K, Kim J-Y, et al. Incidence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A nationwide population-based study using National Health Insurance Database in Korea [Internet]. PloS one. Public Library of Science; 2016 [cited 27 Jun 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5106005\/#!po=12.5000"},{"key":"14592","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alajaji A, Chandra Shekaran J, Mohammed Aldhabbah O, Alhindi HA, Almazyad NS, Aljutayli ZA, et al. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)\/Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) epidemiology and mortality rate at King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Qassim region of Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study [Internet]. Dermatology Research and Practice. Hindawi; 2020 [cited 27 June 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7568810\/","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7524726"},{"key":"14593","unstructured":"Labib A, Milroy C. Toxic epidermal necrolysis [Internet]. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2022 [cited 27 June 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK574530\/"},{"key":"14594","unstructured":"Saha M. Toxic epidermal necrolysis and co-existent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) treated with intravenous immunoglobulin: \u2018Killing 2 birds with one stone\u2019 [Internet]. En.x-mol.com. 2022 [cited 21 July 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/en.x-mol.com\/paper\/article\/1295772431962218496"},{"key":"14595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emadi S-N, Hamzelou S, Saffarian Z, &amp; Shakoei S. (2021, January). Challenges in the treatment of a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with Covid-19: A case report. Dermatologic Therapy. Retrieved 27 June 2022 from https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7883031\/","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14656"},{"key":"14596","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jouhar L, Yahya M, Elsiddiq S. Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report. Clin Case Reports. 2022 Mar;10(3).","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.5565"},{"key":"14597","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Narang I, Panthagani AP, Lewis M, Chohan B, Ferguson A, Nambi R. Covid-19-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis [Internet]. Clinical and experimental dermatology. U.S. National Library of Medicine; [cited 27 June 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33511662\/","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14574"},{"key":"14598","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rossi CM, Beretta FN, Traverso G, Mancarella S, Zenoni D. A case report of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in a patient with COVID-19 treated with hydroxychloroquine: Are these two partners in crime. Clin Mol Allergy. 2020 Oct 6;18(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12948-020-00133-6"},{"key":"14599","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aulakh S, Arora R, Sarangal R, Chopra D. Increased predisposition of SJS TEN in COVID-19 patients, presenting as post COVID complication: Report of two cases. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2022 Jan 1;13(2):237\u20139.","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_510_21"},{"key":"14600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zou H, Daveluy S. Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Australas J Dermatol. 2023 Feb;64(1):e1-e10. doi: 10.1111\/ajd.13958. Epub 2022 Dec 9. 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