{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T16:36:57Z","timestamp":1784047017861,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatol Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our patient presented with a 5-year history of chronic, asymptomatic papulonodular lesions on the extremities. Over the past 8 months, the lesions have spread to the face and earlobes, and new ulcerative lesions have appeared on both legs. Skin biopsy was compatible with lepromatous leprosy with Lucio phenomenon. Lucio phenomenon is a rare type of leprosy reaction found mostly in neglected lepromatous leprosy cases. Unfortunately, the patient developed pulmonary embolism and passed away. This case report focuses on the clinicopathological characteristics and management of Lucio phenomenon, which is an unusual form of leprosy reaction that often carries a poorer prognosis. Importantly, physicians should be able to differentiate the Lucio phenomenon from other types of leprosy reactions for prompt management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/dr.2025.10173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T03:33:48Z","timestamp":1739331228000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lucio phenomenon: a case report on an overlooked reaction in lepromatous leprosy"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4908-2823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natsuda","family":"Sajjachareonpong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poonnawis","family":"Sudtikoonaseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kowit","family":"Kampirapap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3257-3690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monton","family":"Tanabodee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sutsarun","family":"Prunglumpoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8742-1152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanisa","family":"Kiatsurayanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"32324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Walker SL, Lockwood DNJ. Leprosy. Clin Dermatol 2007;25:165-72.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.05.012"},{"key":"32325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Kamath S, Vaccaro SA, Rea TH, Ochoa MT. Recognizing and managing the immunologic reactions in leprosy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;71:795-803.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.03.034"},{"key":"32326","unstructured":"3. Napinkul P, Sribenjalux W. Leprosy with Lucio\u2019s phenomenon, the remaining ancient disease in Thailand: A case report and review of the literature. J Infect Dis Antimicrob Agents 2020;38:77-83."},{"key":"32327","unstructured":"4. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of leprosy [Internet]. WHO; 2018. Available from: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/274127\/9789290226383-eng.pdf?sequence=58."},{"key":"32328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Frade MAC, Coltro PS, Filho FB, et al. Lucio's phenomenon: A systematic literature review of definition, clinical features, histopathogenesis and management. Indian J Dermatol VE 2022;88:464-77.","DOI":"10.25259\/IJDVL_909_19"},{"key":"32329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Musaddique Ansari SM, Zambare US, Gupta A, Nayak CS. Lucio phenomenon in a case of lepromatous leprosy. Medical Journal of Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2022;15.","DOI":"10.4103\/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_564_20"},{"key":"32330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Jurado F, Rodriguez O, Novales J, et al. Lucio\u2019s leprosy: A clinical and therapeutic challenge. Clin Dermatol 2015;33:66-78.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.07.004"},{"key":"32331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Costa IMC, Kawano LB, Pereira CP, Nogueira LSC. Lucio's phenomenon: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2005;44:566-71.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2005.02566.x"},{"key":"32332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Vargas-Ocampo F. Diffuse leprosy of Lucio and Latap\u00ed: a histologic study. Leprosy Rev 2007;78:248-60.","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.78.3.248"},{"key":"32333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Benard G, Sakai-Valente NY, Bianconcini Trindade MA. Concomitant Lucio phenomenon and erythema nodosum in a leprosy patient: Clues for their distinct pathogeneses. Am J Dermatopath 2009;31:288-92.","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e318193c74c"},{"key":"32334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Silva DSD, Teixeira LAC, Beghini DG, et al. Blood coagulation abnormalities in multibacillary leprosy patients. PLOS Neglect Trop D 2018;12:e0006214.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006214"},{"key":"32335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Nunzie E, Ortega Cabrera LV, Macanchi Moncayo FM, et al. Lucio Leprosy with Lucio's phenomenon, digital gangrene and anticardiolipin antibodies. Leprosy Rev 2014;85:194-200.","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.85.3.194"},{"key":"32336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. H Patel N, Padhiyar JK, Patel T, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies in a patient of Lucio phenomenon presenting with the gangrene of digits. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021;87:97-101.","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_25_19"},{"key":"32337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Kumar S, Kalita J, Rao RN, Misra UK. Unusual association of leprosy with Lucio phenomenon with secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and ischemic stroke. Neurol India 2019;67:S150-1.","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.250724"},{"key":"32338","unstructured":"15. Mahotarn K. Guideline in diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. 2 ed. Bangkok: The Agricultural Cooperative Federation of Thailand, Limited; 2001."},{"key":"32339","unstructured":"16. Sharma P, Kumar A, Tuknayat A, et al. Lucio phenomenon: A rare presentation of Hansen's disease. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2019;12:35-8."},{"key":"32340","unstructured":"17. Leprosy situation in 2023 [Internet]. Raj Pracha Samasai Institute, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health; 2023 [cited 20 October 2024]. 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