{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T10:40:09Z","timestamp":1774262409364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Disease Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We sought to determine predictors of shingles reports in adults with common variable immunodeficiency or immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass deficiency (CVID\/IgGSD). We tabulated observations at diagnosis of CVID\/IgGSD in 212 white adult index patients (165 women, 47 men) who responded to a question about having had shingles. None had been vaccinated for herpes zoster. We analyzed age, sex, and shingles reports; blood levels of CD19+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ mononuclear cells; serum levels of IgG subclasses, IgA, and IgM; and positivity for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B haplotypes. Cell counts and immunoglobulin levels were normalized with loge (ln) transformation for analyses. Thirty-one patients (14.6%) reported shingles; 11 reported recurrent or disseminated shingles. Patients with shingles reports had greater mean age at diagnosis of CVID\/IgGSD [54\u00b113 (standard deviation) years vs. 47\u00b112 years; P=0.0130] and a greater prevalence of HLA-A*01, B*08 positivity (35.5% vs. 17.7%; P=0.0227). In a 13-factor logistic regression model, there was a positive association of age with shingles reports [P=0.0151; odds ratio (1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01, 1.08)]. HLA-A*01, B*08 positivity was also positively associated with shingles reports [P=0.0480; odds ratio 2.61 (1.00, 6.81)]. During a mean followup interval of 7.5 years after CVID\/IgGSD diagnosis, the prevalence of recurrent shingles was almost five-fold greater in patients with previous shingles reports. In conclusion, in white adults at CVID\/IgGSD diagnosis, age at diagnosis and positivity for HLA-A*01, B*08 have significant positive associations with reports of previous shingles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/idr.2012.e34","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T20:35:15Z","timestamp":1342730115000},"page":"e34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictors of Shingles Reports at Diagnosis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Selective Immunoglobulin G Subclass Deficiency in 212 Alabama Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"James C.","family":"Barton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Clayborn","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi F.","family":"Bertoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","volume":"57","author":"Harpaz","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2005.0150.x","article-title":"The incidence of herpes zoster in a United States administrative database","volume":"20","author":"Insinga","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4725","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency: clinical and immunological features of 248 patients","volume":"92","author":"Cunningham-Rundles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-11-124545","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency disorders: division into distinct clinical phenotypes","volume":"112","author":"Chapel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06338.x","article-title":"Perspectives on common variable immune deficiency","volume":"1246","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401731","article-title":"Susceptibility locus for IgA deficiency and common variable immunodeficiency in the HLA-DR3, -B8, -A1 haplotypes","volume":"4","author":"Schroeder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-4-3","article-title":"HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes in 240 index patients with common variable immunodeficiency and selective IgG subclass deficiency in central Alabama","volume":"4","author":"Barton","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2000.560302.x","article-title":"Prospective analysis suggests susceptibility genes for deficiencies of IgA and several other immunoglobulins on the [HLA-B8, SC01, DR3] conserved extended haplotype","volume":"56","author":"Alper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4408","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.8.4408","article-title":"Fine mapping of IGAD1 in IgA deficiency and common variable immunodeficiency: identification and characterization of haplotypes shared by affected members of 101 multiple-case families","volume":"164","author":"Vorechovsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of immunodeficiency","article-title":"Late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia","author":"Asherson","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80927-1","article-title":"Childhood common variable immunodeficiency with autoimmune disease","volume":"108","author":"Conley","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0546(01)79029-5","article-title":"[Common variable immunodeficiency. 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