{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T07:01:30Z","timestamp":1763017290773},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Disease Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gram negative endocarditis is relatively rare in pediatrics but when they occur they are most frequently caused by one of the HACEK (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, C. hominis, Eikenella corrodens and Kingella kingae) group of microorganisms. Within the HACEK group of microorganisms there have been approximately 100 cases of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis reported in the literature, but only 2 previous cases of endocarditis and one case of pericarditis have been reported in children. In this report, we present a case of a 12-year-old boy with a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit for Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia who presented at an annual cardiology examination with a 3 week history of fatigue and was found to have a vegetation on routine echocardiogram. Subsequent blood cultures grew Cardiobacterium hominis and the patient was treated successfully with 6 weeks of appropriate antibiotic therapy. We present this case and a review of the literature of the HACEK group of microorganisms in pediatrics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/idr.2013.e7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T08:31:11Z","timestamp":1370334671000},"page":"e7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A pediatric case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Suresh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Alexander","family":"Blackwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02046732","article-title":"Further characterisation of an unclassified group of bacteria causing endocarditis in man: Cardiobacterium hominis gen. et sp.n","volume":"30","author":"Slotnick","year":"1964","journal-title":"Antonie von Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: four cases with clinical and laboratory observations","volume":"53","author":"Geraci","year":"1978","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra010082","article-title":"Infective endocarditis in adults","volume":"345","author":"Mylonakis","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.5.931","article-title":"Unique featrues of infective endocarditis in childhood","volume":"109","author":"Ferrieri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.83.5.579","article-title":"Late aortic homograft valve endocarditis caused by Cardiobacterium hominis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"83","author":"Currie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinmicnews.2008.08.002","article-title":"Beta-lactamase-positive Cardiobacterium hominis strain causing endocarditis in a pediatric patient with Tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"30","author":"Maurissen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol News"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/716873","article-title":"Cardiobacterium endocarditis: a case report and review of literature","volume":"16","author":"Walkty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.48.1.25","article-title":"Infective endocarditis caused by HACEK microorganisms","volume":"48","author":"Das","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s150100050030","article-title":"Diagnosis of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis by broad-range PCR from arterio-embolic tissue","volume":"27","author":"Mueller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530210060032","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment of adults with infective endocarditis due to streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, and HACEK microorganisms","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.4.680","article-title":"Cardiobacterium hominis: review of microbiologic and clinical features","volume":"5","author":"Wormser","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.25.1.kv5218kw3ql67r67","article-title":"Increased suseptibility to gingival colonization by specific HACEK microbes in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"25","author":"Steelman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"}],"container-title":["Infectious Disease Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pagepress.org\/journals\/index.php\/idr\/article\/viewFile\/4608\/3935","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pagepress.org\/journals\/index.php\/idr\/article\/viewFile\/4608\/5077","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7449\/5\/1\/e7\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T03:20:44Z","timestamp":1644463244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7449\/5\/1\/e7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["idr.2013.e7"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/idr.2013.e7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2036-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2036-7449","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]]}}}