{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T07:54:32Z","timestamp":1776326072801,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Disease Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Streptobacillus moniliformis, the cause of rat-bite fever (RBF) in the United States, has rarely been reported as a cause of infectious endocarditis. In the majority of previously reported cases, the diagnosis was clinically based in patients with underlying valvular abnormalities in the setting of positive blood culture for Streptobacillus moniliformis. We report a case of native valve endocarditis secondary to Streptobacillus moniliformis in a woman with a mitral valve vegetation but negative blood cultures where the diagnosis was established using molecular diagnostics on the valvular tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/idr.2018.7731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T09:36:43Z","timestamp":1539077803000},"page":"7731","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Streptobacillus moniliformis Mitral Valve Endocarditis and Septic Arthritis: The Challenges of Diagnosing Rat-Bite Fever Endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daisy","family":"Torres-Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhi","family":"Moshgriz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-204086","article-title":"Septic arthritis secondary to rat bite fever: a challenging diagnostic course","author":"Budair","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03139-12","article-title":"Septic arthritis and concern for osteomyelitis in a child with rat bite fever","volume":"51","author":"Flannery","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2016.270","article-title":"A Case Study of Rat Bite Fever Caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis","volume":"70","author":"Hayakawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00016-06","article-title":"Rat bite fever and Streptobacillus moniliformis","volume":"20","author":"Elliott","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1258\/002367795780740375","article-title":"Streptobacillus moniliformis\u2014 a zoonotic pathogen. 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