{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T10:55:11Z","timestamp":1774954511117,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ital J Food Safety"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Animal welfare has evolved from an ethical principle into a binding operational standard within the European Union (EU) agri-food system. Based on a documentary analysis combining legal and veterinary sources, this short communication examines how EU law integrates welfare requirements into food safety, trade, and official controls. The findings highlight three outcomes: the institutionalization of welfare as a trade condition; its judicial recognition as a legitimate public interest; and the expansion of the veterinarian\u2019s mandate as a translator of legal norms into measurable procedures. The analysis also explores the ethical and human-rights dimensions of welfare governance, where freedom of religion and animal protection coexist under EU and World Trade Organization law. These developments demonstrate how veterinarians, as both technical and institutional actors, contribute to the effective implementation of EU welfare principles within a sustainability-oriented global market.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/ijfs.2026.14676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:58:37Z","timestamp":1774951117000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Animal welfare in the European agri-food market: law, policy and veterinary roles"],"prefix":"10.4081","author":[{"given":"Francesco Emanuele","family":"Celentano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela Maria","family":"Dimuccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Conforti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"De Marzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Losito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Dambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Bozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"222578","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bozzo G, Barrasso R, Ferorelli D, Gassi V, Russo R, Celentano FE, 2021. Animal welfare policies and human rights in the context of slaughter procedures. Agriculture 11:442.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture11050442"},{"key":"222579","unstructured":"Brambell FWR, 1965. Report of the technical committee to enquire into the welfare of animals kept under intensive livestock husbandry systems. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, UK."},{"key":"222580","unstructured":"Celentano, FE. 2022. Il rilievo internazionale delle politiche di benessere animale dell\u2019Unione europea. Riv Dir Agr 2:373-92."},{"key":"222581","unstructured":"Celentano FE, 2024. La morale pubblica quale deroga ai diritti umani in favore del benessere animale. Diritto e Scienza Veterinaria 3:9-22."},{"key":"222582","unstructured":"Council of the European Union, 2009. Council Regulation (EC) No 1099\/2009 on the protection of animals at the time of killing. In: Official Journal, L 303, 18\/11\/2009."},{"key":"222583","unstructured":"Court of Justice of the European Union, 2020. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 17 December 2020 - Centraal Isra\u00eblitisch Consistorie van Belgi\u00eb and Others v. Vlaamse Regering, C-336\/19. In: Official Journal, C 53, 15\/2\/2021."},{"key":"222584","unstructured":"EFSA, 2022. Animal welfare during transport: free moving animals. Available from: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-10\/infographic-animals-free-moving.pdf."},{"key":"222585","unstructured":"European Commission, 2010. EU best practice guidelines for voluntary certification schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs. In: Official Journal, C 341, 16\/12\/2010."},{"key":"222586","unstructured":"European Commission, 2019a. Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada, of the one part, and the European Union and its Member States, of the other part. In: Official Journal, L 11, 14\/1\/2017."},{"key":"222587","unstructured":"European Commission, 2019b. EU\u2013Mercosur agreement. 28\/06\/2019. Available from: https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region\/countries-and-regions\/mercosur\/eu-mercosur-agreement\/text-agreement_en."},{"key":"222588","unstructured":"European Commission, 2022. Free trade agreement between the European Union and New Zealand. In: Official Journal, L 866, 25\/3\/2024."},{"key":"222589","unstructured":"European Commission, 2023. Attitudes of Europeans towards animal welfare. Special Eurobarometer."},{"key":"222590","unstructured":"European Parliament and Council of the European Union, 2017. Regulation (Eu) 2017\/625 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2017 on official controls and other official activities performed to ensure the application of food and feed law, rules on animal health and welfare, plant health and plant protection. In: Official Journal, L 95, 07\/04\/2017."},{"key":"222591","unstructured":"European Union, 2012. Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. In: Official Journal, C 326, 26\/10\/2012."},{"key":"222592","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harvey D, Hubbard C, 2013. The supply chain\u2019s role in improving animal welfare. Animals 3:767-85.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani3030767"},{"key":"222593","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henson S, Humphrey J, 2010. Understanding the complexities of private standards in global agri-food chains as they impact developing countries. J Dev Stud 46:1628-46.","DOI":"10.1080\/00220381003706494"},{"key":"222594","unstructured":"WTO Appellate Body, 2014. European communities - measures prohibiting the importation and marketing of seal products WT\/DS400\/AB\/R - WT\/DS401\/AB\/R. In: 14-3051, 22 May 2014. Available from: https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/dispu_e\/400_401abr_e.pdf."}],"container-title":["Italian Journal of Food Safety"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/ijfs\/article\/download\/14676\/13958","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/ijfs\/article\/download\/14676\/13958","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:58:41Z","timestamp":1774951121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pagepressjournals.org\/ijfs\/article\/view\/14676"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/ijfs.2026.14676","relation":{},"ISSN":["2239-7132"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2239-7132","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]}}}