{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T12:08:37Z","timestamp":1747224517174,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is extremely unusual for primary pulmonary lymphoma, an uncommon occurrence in any form, to be of T-cell origin and to manifest as an endobronchial lesion. Each of these characteristics is rare individually, so cases that combine them are exceptional. We report a patient in whom primary pulmonary anaplastic large cell lymphoma, a T-cell neoplasm, presented with obstruction of the left upper lobe bronchus, resulting in left upper lobe atelectasis and creating the radiographic luftsichel sign. We briefly discuss anaplastic large cell lymphoma as a whole, place our case in the context of previously published literature on endobronchial anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and review the genesis of the luftsichel sign.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2021.1601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T10:30:58Z","timestamp":1617877858000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hammering home the sickle: an instructive case of endobronchial anaplastic large cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.4081","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6338-0325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Abu-Hishmeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2973-5695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fouzia","family":"Shakil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tauseef","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Epelbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan Z, Xu ML. 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Primary pulmonary lymphoma. Eur Respir J 2002;20:750-62.","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00404102"},{"key":"3354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sammassimo S, Pruneri G, Andreola G, et al. A retrospective international study on primary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the lung (BALT lymphoma) on behalf of International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG). Hematol Oncol 2016;34:177-83.","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2243"},{"key":"3355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rush WL, Andriko JA, Taubenberger JK, et al. Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung: a clinicopathologic study of five patients. Mod Pathol 2000;13:1285-92.","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880235"},{"key":"3356","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim DH, Ko YH, Lee MH, Ree HJ. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as an endobronchial polypoid mass. Respiration 1998;65:156-8.","DOI":"10.1159\/000029248"},{"key":"3357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chand T, Bansal A, Dua H, Sharma K. Endotracheobronchial lymphoma: Two unusual case reports and review of article. Lung India 2016;33:653-6.","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.192873"},{"key":"3358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Von Ende E, Kauffman T, Munoz PA, Martinez-Jim\u00e9nez S. Primary pulmonary anaplastic large cell lymphoma: A rare malignancy and rare cause of the luftsichel sign. Case Rep Radiol 2018;2018:8574642.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8574642"},{"key":"3359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carvalho J, Marques DP, Oliveira I, Claudino C. A rare case of primary pulmonary anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2019;6:001249.","DOI":"10.12890\/2019_001249"},{"key":"3360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blankenbaker DG. The luftsichel sign. Radiology 1998;208:319-20.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.208.2.9680553"},{"key":"3361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Day K, Oliva I. Signs in cardiopulmonary imaging: luftsichel sign. J Thorac Imaging 2015;30:W1.","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0000000000000151"},{"key":"3362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eyre TA, Khan D, Hall GW, Collins GP. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: current and future perspectives in adult and paediatric disease. Eur J Haematol 2014;93:455-68.","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12360"},{"key":"3363","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leventaki V, Bhattacharyya S, Lim MS. Pathology and genetics of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020;37:57-71.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.12.002"},{"key":"3364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiarle R, Voena C, Ambrogio C, et al. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase in the pathogenesis of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2008;8:11-23.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2291"},{"key":"3365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vose J, Armitage J, Weisenburger D, International T-Cell Lymphoma Project. International peripheral T-cell and natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma study: pathology findings and clinical outcomes. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:4124-30.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.4558"},{"key":"3366","unstructured":"Horwitz S, O'Connor OA, Pro B, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma (ECHELON-2): a global, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2019;393:229-40. Erratum in: Lancet 2019;393:228."},{"key":"3367","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambacorti-Passerini C, Messa C, Pogliani EM. Crizotinib in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med 2011;364:775-6","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1013224"},{"key":"3368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambacorti Passerini C, Farina F, Stasia A, et al. Crizotinib in advanced, chemoresistant anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lymphoma patients. 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