{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:07:33Z","timestamp":1784801253812,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tobacco, being an established risk factor for significant mortality and morbidity, causes over 7 million annual deaths globally. India is a country with over 270 million active tobacco users. On the one hand, although the willingness to quit amongst tobacco users is as high as 55.4%, the actual quit rates translate to less than 20%. Taking a cue from the economic principle of commitment and consistency, paying a nominal fee can serve as a form of public commitment and motivation to decrease the dropout rate amongst those committed to quitting. This study uses contingent valuation assessment to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) values for an effective tobacco cessation service across individuals with different socio-demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional observational study with multistage cluster sampling in Rajasthan was conducted to recruit 360 active tobacco users from 8 districts. Q-Q plots were used to determine the non-parametric distribution, and statistical differences between median WTP values were compared using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests, considering a p-value less than 0.05 to be statistically significant. The majority of participants were males (57.78%) between the ages of 26 and 35 (40.28%), married (82.50%), and with children (65.83%), with an annual income between $7500-10,000 (23.61%) and graduate-level education (40.56%). Exclusive smokers formed the majority of the cohort (48.06%), and 50.83% were willing to quit as well as willing to pay for cessation. Median WTP values were maximum for males ($54.05; p&lt;0.05), age group 26-35 years ($54.05; p&lt;0.05), post-graduates ($81.08; p&lt;0.05), and annual income above $20,000 ($121.62; p&lt;0.05). Weak positive and significant correlations were observed between WTP and annual spending on tobacco, annual spending on health, and annual income. The study emphasizes the critical importance of early-age interventions for effective tobacco cessation prior to transitioning into dependency, resulting in reduced financial parity for availing health services. These are the first such WTP values from the Southeast Asian region, tailored for different population subsets, specifically for tobacco cessation. Our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence to support innovative approaches to enhance tobacco cessation efforts through financial commitments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2024.3016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T08:32:36Z","timestamp":1725006756000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Willingness to pay for a tobacco-free life: a contingent valuation assessment"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1385-4692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogesh Kumar","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9960-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5106-0455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitin Kumar","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6156-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhil Dhanesh","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prem Prakash","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"43747","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Global tobacco control. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/global\/index.htm. Accessed on: 23\/04\/2023."},{"key":"43748","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Tobacco control can save billions of dollars and millions of lives. 2017. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/10-01-2017-tobacco-control-can-save-billions-of-dollars-and-millions-of-lives."},{"key":"43749","unstructured":"Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Global Adult Tobacco Survey. India 2016-17 report. Available from: https:\/\/ntcp.mohfw.gov.in\/assets\/document\/surveys-reports-publications\/Global-Adult-Tobacco-Survey-Second-Round-India-2016-2017.pdf."},{"key":"43750","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_169_18"},{"key":"43751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jpgm.JPGM_408_19"},{"key":"43752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313491356"},{"key":"43753","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2021.08.027"},{"key":"43754","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/667226"},{"key":"43755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dec0000143"},{"key":"43756","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-375067-9.00004-8"},{"key":"43757","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X03251245"},{"key":"43758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10754-005-4014-2"},{"key":"43759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11591\/ijphs.v12i4.22933"},{"key":"43760","unstructured":"ABC News. Study: nicotine addiction can be immediate. 2000. Available from: https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/Health\/story?id=117976&amp;page=1."},{"key":"43761","unstructured":"RajRAS. Physical Divisions of Rajasthan. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.rajras.in\/rajasthan\/geography\/physical-divisions\/. Accessed on: 4\/04\/2024."},{"key":"43762","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijfcm.2023.017"},{"key":"43763","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Offer help to quit tobacco use. 2014. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/health-promotion\/tobacco-control\/quitting\/offer-help-to-quit-tobacco-use#:~:text=Treatment%20of%20tobacco%20dependence%20is,a%20smoker%20will%20quit%20successfully. Accessed on: 4\/04\/2024."},{"key":"43764","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-022-01437-x"},{"key":"43765","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.06.008"},{"key":"43766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2006.019794"},{"key":"43767","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.52102"},{"key":"43768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/ahj.2023.1420"},{"key":"43769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/ahj.2023.1444"},{"key":"43770","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World no tobacco day 2019 awards - the winners. 2019. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/22-05-2019-world-no-tobacco-day-2019-awards---the-winners."},{"key":"43771","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_252_18"},{"key":"43772","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czp046"},{"key":"43773","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2010.00725.x"},{"key":"43774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.02.013"},{"key":"43775","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2006.03.022"},{"key":"43776","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2014.10.012"},{"key":"43777","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61388-8"},{"key":"43778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafr.2020.100076"},{"key":"43779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2020.1381"}],"container-title":["Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3016\/1920","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3016\/1919","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T09:54:38Z","timestamp":1784800478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/view\/3016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/monaldi.2024.3016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2532-5264","1122-0643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2532-5264","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1122-0643","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]}}}