{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:44:34Z","timestamp":1782902674943,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a multifaceted disease that could potentially impact nearly all organs. Current global data indicate a significant variation in the proportion of EPTB among all tuberculosis cases, ranging from 15% to 53%. Clinicians in India express concerns about the efficacy of the cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in EPTB, as its yield frequently does not align with the findings of the World Health Organization meta-analysis. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic yield of CBNAAT in EPTB at a tertiary care hospital. Specifically, the present hospital-based observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Respiratory Medicine at a tertiary care hospital from February 2024 to April 2024. A total of 52 patients with presumptive EPTB were enrolled. Demographic information, clinical history, and clinical examination findings were recorded with the help of a standard, semi-structured, pre-validated case record proforma. A composite reference standard (CRS), which was defined by clinical, radiological, laboratory, and histopathological findings and treatment response to antitubercular therapy along the course, was considered. The statistical software, namely SPSS 22.0, was used for the analysis of the data. Among a total of 52 patients, the mean age of patients was 37.42\u00b116.18 years, with the proportion of males being 59.62%. The majority of patients had tuberculosis pleural effusion (63.46%). The pooled diagnostic yield of CBNAAT showed sensitivity and specificity of CBNAAT compared to CRS of 22.22% and 100%, respectively. Culture had the highest sensitivity in diagnosing EPTB in the study population as compared to CBNAAT, thereby emphasizing the importance of diagnosis by culture method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2025.3238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T09:46:05Z","timestamp":1741254365000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling the role of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test in extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis: insights from a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7369-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil","family":"Sontakke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2687-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajasi","family":"Bundale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6631-2861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sagar","family":"Kolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidhi","family":"Girdhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5093-6312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hrishikesh","family":"Gaikwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1718-593X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harshal","family":"Ital","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"53432","unstructured":"Doucette K, Cooper R. Tuberculosis. In: Grippi M, Elias J, Fishman J, Kotloff R, Pack A, Senior R, eds. Fishman\u2019s pulmonary diseases and disorders. 5th ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill; 2015. pp. 2012-31."},{"key":"53433","unstructured":"Sharma SK, Mohan A. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Indian J Med Res 2004;120:316-53."},{"key":"53434","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-365"},{"key":"53435","unstructured":"Golden MP, Vikram HR. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an overview. Am Fam Physician 2005;72:1761-8."},{"key":"53436","unstructured":"Central TB Division. TB India 2017: RNTCP status report. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2017."},{"key":"53437","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.118133"},{"key":"53438","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Family Welfare-Government of India. RNTCP annual status report 2023. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2024."},{"key":"53439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70008-2"},{"key":"53440","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1950_16"},{"key":"53441","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/lungindia.lungindia_165_22"},{"key":"53442","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20184049"},{"key":"53443","unstructured":"Jose BP, Kumar AP, Mohan A. Evaluation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary care centre in Kerala, South India, utilising GeneXpert. Int J Res Rev 2020;7:551-6."},{"key":"53444","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02319-10"},{"key":"53445","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12655"},{"key":"53446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_19_149"},{"key":"53447","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Xpert MTB\/RIF assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in adults and children. Available from: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/112472\/9789241506335_eng.pdf?sequence=1."},{"key":"53448","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.63.1.88"},{"key":"53449","unstructured":"Scharer L, McClement JH. Isolation of tubercle bacilli from needle biopsy specimens of parietal pleura. Am Rev Respir Dis 1968;97:466-8."},{"key":"53450","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: diagnosis \u2013 rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection, 3rd edition. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240089488."}],"container-title":["Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3238\/2031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3238\/2031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:53:48Z","timestamp":1782899628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/view\/3238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/monaldi.2025.3238","relation":{},"ISSN":["2532-5264","1122-0643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2532-5264","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1122-0643","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]}}}