{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:50:23Z","timestamp":1791420623926,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major leading cause of death. Medical literature shows an association between CVDs and depressive symptoms, anxiety, low social support, and optimism. Also, cardiac surgery, even if the progress in extracorporeal circulation (ECC) ensures the patient\u2019s recovery \u201cad integrum\u201d, can provoke strong emotional processes, including states of anxiety and fear, leading to true depression disorders. The aim of this study is to identify the degree of anxiety and depression detected by means of the validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) following cardiac surgery with ECC. This is a single-center, cross-sectional, observational study that was conducted from 26\/04\/2023 to 23\/10\/2024. It involved patients who had undergone ECC for several reasons (coronary bypass, valve replacement, aortic root and arch replacement, trans-apical transcatheter aortic valve implantation) at Marche\u2019s Polytechnic University Hospital, who were subsequently admitted to the Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit of the \u201cMadonna del Soccorso\u201d Hospital in San Benedetto del Tronto. The study procedure involved the administration of the HADS questionnaire by a registered psychologist. We enrolled 100 patients with an average age of 71\u00b14 years, predominantly male (64%) rather than female (35%). The results show that at the first administration of the HADS scale questionnaire (T0), the overall mean score is 14.54\u00b15.86. In detail, the first subscale relating to anxiety reveals a mean value of 7.18\u00b13.54, while the second subscale relating to depression shows a mean value of 7.36\u00b13.09. At the second administration of the HADS scale questionnaire (T1), after a medium time interval of 22 days, the overall mean score is 4.09\u00b14.11. In detail, the first subscale relating to anxiety reveals a mean value of 2.03\u00b12.25, while the second subscale relating to depression shows a mean value of 2.87\u00b12.39. A two-tailed test (t-test) was performed and showed a significant reduction of HADS values between the first (T0) and the second (T1) questionnaire administration [p&lt;0.05 (df=99) (t-stat=25)]. The study shows a significant reduction of anxiety and depressive status in patients who underwent ECC and were subsequently admitted to a short-term psycho-educational intervention by a registered psychologist included in a multi-professional team of a Rehabilitation Cardiology Unit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2025.3425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T14:00:04Z","timestamp":1752156004000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients undergoing extracorporeal circulation: an Italian cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2255-4244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gloria","family":"D\u2019Angelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Course, School fo Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, \u201cMazzoni\u201d Hospital, Ascoli Piceno"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Caucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Carminucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Ciapanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Sfredda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8010-7703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elisa","family":"Baldoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Fioroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3958-1848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vito Maurizio","family":"Parato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital (AST-Ascoli Piceno), San Benedetto del Tronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"59300","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)."},{"key":"59301","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lead causes death. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/leading-causes-of-death.htm."},{"key":"59302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.021"},{"key":"59303","unstructured":"World Heart Federation. World heart report 2023: confronting the world\u2019s number one killer. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/world-heart-federation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/World-Heart-Report-2023.pdf."},{"key":"59304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229598"},{"key":"59305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2019.08.006"},{"key":"59306","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03422-5"},{"key":"59307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.2"},{"key":"59308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac458"},{"key":"59309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.12.014"},{"key":"59310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.111131"},{"key":"59311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy913"},{"key":"59312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000000419"},{"key":"59313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109891"},{"key":"59314","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14020236"},{"key":"59315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.892372"},{"key":"59316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voltolini A, Minotti A, Verde A, et al. Valutazione e supporto psicologico del paziente portatore di dispositivo di assistenza ventricolare sinistra: dati preliminari a 6 mesi. G Ital Cardiol 2016;17:940-6. [Article in Italian].","DOI":"10.1714\/2498.26204"},{"key":"59317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girgenti R, Buttafarro MA, Ammirata M, et al. Qualit\u00e0 della vita e disagio psicologico in un gruppo di pazienti con dispositivo di assistenza ventricolare sinistra. G Ital Cardiol 2021;22:233-8. [Article in Italian].","DOI":"10.1714\/3557.35343"},{"key":"59318","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"59319","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(96)01031-7"},{"key":"59320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.03.026"},{"key":"59321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pizzi C, Santarella L, Manfrini O, et al. Cardiopatia ischemica e depressione: una realt\u00e0 sottostimata. G Ital Cardiol 2013;14:526-37. [Article in Italian].","DOI":"10.1714\/1308.14461"},{"key":"59322","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.000049"},{"key":"59323","unstructured":"Sommaruga M, Tramarin R, Angelino E, et al. Guidelines on psychological intervention in cardiac rehabilitation-methodological process. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2003;60:40-4."},{"key":"59324","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1308337"}],"container-title":["Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3425\/2104","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/download\/3425\/2104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:02:41Z","timestamp":1791417761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.monaldi-archives.org\/macd\/article\/view\/3425"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/monaldi.2025.3425","relation":{},"ISSN":["2532-5264","1122-0643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2532-5264","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1122-0643","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]}}}