{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:50:42Z","timestamp":1791827442388,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reumatismo"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since COVID-19 vaccination started in December 2020, different side effects were reported. This case report describes the possibility of developing disseminated herpes simplex infection after COVID-19 vaccine in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. In this case report, we describe a 63-year-old Iranian female. She was a known case of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and presented with generalized papulo-pustular itchy and painful skin lesions which appeared about seven days after the second dose of Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine (BIBP-CorV). A biopsy of the skin lesions revealed acantholysis, neutrophils, and enlarged keratinocytes with eosinophilic intra-nuclear inclusions. Findings were consistent with herpes simplex infection. She was successfully treated by acyclovir. Disseminated cutaneous herpes simplex infection may have been triggered by COVID-19 vaccination. Reactivation of herpes virus after COVID-19 vaccines was reported in both rheumatic patients and other individuals. Whether having an underlying autoimmune inflammatory disorder could be an additional risk factor is still unknown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2022.1489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T14:00:39Z","timestamp":1663077639000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Disseminated cutaneous herpes simplex infection after COVID-19 vaccination in a rheumatoid arthritis patient: a case report and review"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Mohamadzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7278-492X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Assar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pournazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Soufivand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Danaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2136","unstructured":"Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020 [Epub ahead of print]."},{"key":"2137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fathy RA, McMahon DE, Lee C, et al. Varicella\u2010zoster and herpes simplex virus reactivation post\u2010COVID\u201019 vaccination: a review of 40 cases in an International Dermatology Registry. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17646"},{"key":"2138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez P, Chicharro P, Cabrera L-M, et al. Varicella-Zoster virus reactivation after SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination: report of 5 cases. JAAD Case Rep. 2021; 12: 58-9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2021.04.014"},{"key":"2139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muhie OA, Adera H, Tsige E, Afework A. Herpes zoster following covaxin receipt. Int Med Case Rep J. 2021; 14: 819.","DOI":"10.2147\/IMCRJ.S345288"},{"key":"2140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah S, Baral B, Chamlagain R, et al. Reactivation of herpes zoster after vaccination with an inactivated vaccine: A case report from Nepal. Clin Case Rep. 2021; 9: e05188.","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.5188"},{"key":"2141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atiyat R, Elias S, Kiwan C, et al. Varicella-Zoster virus reactivation in AIDS patient after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Cureus. 2021; 13(12). [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.20145"},{"key":"2142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bostan E, Yalici-Armagan B. Herpes zoster following inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: a coexistence or coincidence? J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14035"},{"key":"2143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furer V, Zisman D, Kibari A, et al. Herpes zoster following BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: a case series. Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2021 [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab345"},{"key":"2144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maranini B, Ciancio G, Cultrera R, Govoni M. Herpes zoster infection following mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Reumatismo. 2021; 73: 174-6.","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2021.1445"}],"container-title":["Reumatismo"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/index.php\/reuma\/article\/download\/1489\/943","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/index.php\/reuma\/article\/download\/1489\/943","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T14:00:52Z","timestamp":1663077652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/index.php\/reuma\/article\/view\/1489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/reumatismo.2022.1489","relation":{},"ISSN":["2240-2683","0048-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2240-2683","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0048-7449","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]}}}