{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:03:28Z","timestamp":1790762608272,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reumatismo"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a key imaging technique for assessing microcirculation in patients with Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon and is essential for the diagnosis of scleroderma-related diseases and monitoring of systemic sclerosis. Few studies have evaluated structured NVC training programs, and none have investigated their impact on medical residents. This study aimed to assess skill acquisition during the First Residential NVC Course promoted by the Italian Society of Rheumatology for first-year rheumatology trainees, held in Rome on May 29-30, 2025.\nMethods. Trainees from 14 Italian regions participated in a 2-day program. Day 1 consisted of frontal lectures, while day 2 focused on hands-on training and interactive image interpretation. All participants completed a theoretical test and a self-evaluation of competence before and after the course. On the second day, trainees undertook an image interpretation test and filled out a satisfaction questionnaire.\nResults. A total of 82 trainees attended the course; 86.6% reported no prior theoretical knowledge of NVC, whereas 62.2% had performed at least one examination. Significant improvements were found in 13 of the 15 theoretical questions. Self-perceived competence increased, with 62.2% of participants reporting an improvement from \u2018poor\u2019 to \u2018adequate\u2019. The mean score on the image interpretation test was 89.3%, and overall satisfaction was high (mean rating of 3.77\/4).\nConclusions. This intensive residential course enhanced theoretical knowledge, self-perceived competence, and practical interpretation skills among first-year trainees. Given the central role of NVC in current rheumatology training standards, early structured exposure should be considered an essential component of postgraduate education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2026.2250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:27:42Z","timestamp":1790760462000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Educational efficacy of an onsite training course in improving theoretical and practical skills in nailfold videocapillaroscopy among first-year rheumatology trainees:\u00a0experience from the Italian Society of Rheumatology Inaugural Residential Program"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Bisconti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Science, Sapienza University of Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7777-6058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Favretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Pezzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Rheumatological Science, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, University of Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Aliprandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, University of Milan; Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant\u2019Ambrogio, Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5396-0932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Cutolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa; IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-3511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3674-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Sulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1897-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Science, Sapienza University of Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9300-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Caporali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Rheumatological Science, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, University of Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0548-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Doria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Padua"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2969-6649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Domenico","family":"Sebastiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Arcarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Research Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4837-447X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Laura","family":"Bosello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universita\u0300 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"D\u2019Emilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INI Group, Grottaferrata"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6062-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Iuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5125-0200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Pizzorni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa; IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9515-2135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Truglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Science, Sapienza University of Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6868-6876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Vasile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Frosinone Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6727-1273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Ingegnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Rheumatological Science, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, University of Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7507-5483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Riccieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical and Cardiovascular Science, Sapienza University of Rome"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Course","family":"Participants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"17877","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutolo M, Smith V. Detection of microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis and other rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17: 665-77.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00685-0"},{"key":"17878","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith V, Ickinger C, Hysa E, Snow M, Frech T, Sulli A, et al. Nailfold capillaroscopy. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2023; 37: 101849.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2023.101849"},{"key":"17879","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van den Hoogen F, Khanna D, Fransen J, Johnson SR, Baron M, Tyndall A, et al. 2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 2013; 65: 2737-47.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38098"},{"key":"17880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith V, De Keyser F, Pizzorni C, Van Praet JT, Decuman S, Sulli A, et al. Nailfold capillaroscopy for day-to-day clinical use: construction of a simple scoring modality as a clinical prognostic index for digital trophic lesions. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70: 180-3.","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.132431"},{"key":"17881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutolo M, Herrick AL, Distler O, Becker MO, Beltran E, Carpentier P, et al; CAP Study Investigators. Nailfold videocapillaroscopic features and other clinical risk factors for digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: a multicenter, prospective cohort study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68: 2527-39.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39718"},{"key":"17882","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trombetta AC, Pizzorni C, Ruaro B, Paolino S, Sulli A, Smith V, et al. Effects of longterm treatment with bosentan and iloprost on nailfold absolute capillary number, fingertip blood perfusion, and clinical status in systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 2016; 43: 2033-41.","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.160592"},{"key":"17883","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piette Y, Reynaert V, Vanhaecke A, Bonroy C, Gutermuth J, Sulli A, et al. Standardised interpretation of capillaroscopy in autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a structured review on behalf of the EULAR study group on microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2022; 21: 103087.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2022.103087"},{"key":"17884","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Oria M, Gandin I, Riccardo P, Hughes M, Lepidi S, Salton F, et al. Correlation between microvascular damage and internal organ involvement in scleroderma: focus on lung damage and endothelial dysfunction. Diagnostics 2022; 13: 55. 36611347.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010055"},{"key":"17885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Todoroki Y, Kubo S, Nakano K, Miyazaki Y, Ueno M, Satoh-Kanda Y, et al. Nailfold microvascular abnormalities are associated with a higher prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with MCTD. Rheumatology 2022; 61: 4875-84.","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac165"},{"key":"17886","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ingegnoli F, Ughi N, Riccieri V, Stefanantoni K, Cracowski JL, Gutierrez M, et al. Distribution of nailfold videocapillaroscopy parameters in systemic lupus erythematosus and their association with disease activity: an international blinded case-control analysis on behalf of the EULAR study group on microcirculation in rheumatic diseases. RMD Open 2025; 11: e005772.","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-005772"},{"key":"17887","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez M, Rodr\u00edguez-Lozano B, Bustabad S, Ferraz-Amaro I. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease: predictors of evolution into definite disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2017; 35: 739-45."},{"key":"17888","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardino V, Rodrigues A, Llad\u00f3 A, Panarra A. Nailfold capillaroscopy and autoimmune connective tissue diseases in patients from a Portuguese nailfold capillaroscopy clinic. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40: 295-301.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04427-0"},{"key":"17889","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melsens K, Leone MC, Paolino S, Elewaut D, Gerli R, Vanhaecke A, et al. Nailfold capillaroscopy in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a systematic literature review and standardised interpretation. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2020; 38: 150-7.","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1687"},{"key":"17890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hysa E, Pizzorni C, Sammor\u00ec S, Gotelli E, Cere A, Schenone C, et al. Microvascular damage in autoimmune connective tissue diseases: a capillaroscopic analysis from 20 years of experience in a EULAR training and research referral centre for imaging. RMD Open 2023; 9: e003071.","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003071"},{"key":"17891","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prioteas\u0103 OG, Bobirc\u0103 A, Anghel D, Gro\u0219eanu ML, Bojinc\u0103 VC. Nailfold videocapillaroscopic changes in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review. Biomed Rep 2025; 23: 130.","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2025.2008"},{"key":"17892","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angeloudi E, Anyfanti P, Dara A, Pagkopoulou E, Bekiari E, Sgouropoulou V, et al. Peripheral nailfold capillary microscopic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis are associated with arterial stiffness: results from a cross-sectional study. Microvasc Res 2023; 150: 104576.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2023.104576"},{"key":"17893","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mansueto N, Rotondo C, Corrado A, Cantatore FP. Nailfold capillaroscopy : a comprehensive review on common findings and clinical usefulness in non-rheumatic disease. J Med Invest 2021; 68: 6-14.","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.68.6"},{"key":"17894","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ingegnoli F, Ughi N, Dinsdale G, Orenti A, Boracchi P, Allanore Y, et al. An international SUrvey on non-iNvaSive tecHniques to assess the mIcrocirculation in patients with RayNaud\u2019s phEnomenon (SUNSHINE survey). Rheumatol Int 2017; 37: 1879-90.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3808-0"},{"key":"17895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutolo M, Smith V, Sulli A. Training in capillaroscopy: a growing interest. J Rheumatol 2012; 39: 1113-6.","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120082"},{"key":"17896","unstructured":"Snow MH, Saketkoo LA, Frech TM, Stever JR, Lebedoff N, Herrick AL, et al. Results from an American pilot survey among Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium members on capillaroscopy use and how to best implement nailfold capillaroscopy training. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2019; 37: 151."},{"key":"17897","unstructured":"De Angelis R, Cutolo M, Salaffi F, Restrepo JP, Grassi W. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of one rheumatology trainee\u2019s experience with a self-teaching programme in videocapillaroscopy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009; 27: 651-3."},{"key":"17898","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gutierrez M, Bertolazzi C, Tardella M, Becciolini A, Di Carlo M, Dottori M, et al. Interreader reliability in assessment of nailfold capillary abnormalities by beginners: pilot study of an intensive videocapillaroscopy training program. J Rheumatol 2012; 39: 1248-55.","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.111299"},{"key":"17899","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Reyna TS, Bertolazzi C, Vargas-Guerrero A, Guti\u00e9rrez M, Hern\u00e1ndez-Molina G, Audisio M, et al. Can nailfold videocapillaroscopy images be interpreted reliably by different observers? Results of an inter-reader and intra-reader exercise among rheumatologists with different experience in this field. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38: 205-10.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4041-2"},{"key":"17900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ng SA, Tan WH, Saffari SE, Low AHL. Evaluation of nailfold capillaroscopy online training using the fast track algorithm. J Rheumatol 2023; 50: 368-72.","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.220794"}],"container-title":["Reumatismo"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/reuma\/article\/download\/2250\/1127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/reuma\/article\/download\/2250\/1128","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/reuma\/article\/download\/2250\/1127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:27:50Z","timestamp":1790760470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.reumatismo.org\/reuma\/article\/view\/2250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/reumatismo.2026.2250","relation":{},"ISSN":["2240-2683","0048-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2240-2683","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0048-7449","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]}}}