{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T07:14:04Z","timestamp":1770534844846,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["RES PSYCHOTHER-PSYCH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The observer-rated Q-sort based on the gold-standard Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales (DMRS-Q) allows the investigation of defense mechanisms based on one session as a whole. The present study analyzed the reliability and validity of the DMRS-Q applied to three types of clinical interactions other than therapy sessions. Transcripts of three different clinical interviews, including a total of 233 adults (50 cancer patients who completed Mayman\u2019s Early Memory Interview [EMI], 93 individuals without clinical diagnosis who completed McAdams\u2019 Life Story Interview [LSI], and 90 pregnant women who completed the Working Model of the Child Interview [WMCI]), have already been coded on the DMRS. Our research team of expert raters conducted the DMRS-Q coding on these same transcripts and assessed the inter-rater reliability and the concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity of DMRS-Q in these clinical interactions. Results showed good inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.70) for the Overall Defensive Functioning (ODF), although lower than reported using transcripts of psychotherapy sessions. Large correlations were found between ODF scales assessed with the DMRS-Q and the DMRS among the three samples (r=.43 to .59; p&lt;.001), while small to moderate correlations were found between the DMRS-Q, sociodemographic, and psychological measures. The DMRS-Q ODF scale might be a valid and reliable measure to assess the overall maturity of defensive functioning in brief interviews. Its ease of use, supported by open-source software, enables the application of the gold-standard DMRS theory across a wide range of contexts beyond psychotherapy research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4081\/ripppo.2025.884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T08:17:05Z","timestamp":1768983425000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Applying the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort to assess patients\u2019 level of overall defensive functioning in interview data: validity and reliability"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mariagrazia","family":"Di Giuseppe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Porcerelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Huth-Bocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Aafjes-van Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"35015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aafjes-van Doorn, K., B\u00e9k\u00e9s, V., Luo, X., Prout, T. 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