{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:34:15Z","timestamp":1791380055804,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Korean Academy of Family Medicine - M2PI","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjfm.or.kr"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Fam Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obesity is a significant health risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia, defined as a low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, is associated with these risks. Recent bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices offer precise measurements of the percent body fat (PBF). We aimed to determine the association between PBF and HDL-C levels in middle-aged men in Korea.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional sstudy of men aged 40-65 years who visited a health examination center. Body composition was analyzed using BIA. Health habits were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The participants were divided into four groups based on their PBF: group 1 (&lt;21%), group 2 (21%\u201323.99%), group 3 (24%\u201328.99%), and group 4 (\u226529%). Logistic regression was used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) between the PBF group and the low HDL-C level and adjusted for other variables.Results: In this study, 2,685 men were analyzed. The number of individuals diagnosed with low HDL-C levels increased significantly as the group-specific PBF increased. Group 4 showed a 5.5-fold greater association with low HDL-C compared to group 1 (P&lt;0.01), whereas group 3 and group 2 showed an OR of 4.38 and 2.95 (P&lt;0.01 and P&lt;0.01), respectively.Conclusion: These results suggest that if middle-aged men are able to decrease their body fat by &lt;5%, their HDL-C levels will increase. We suggest that 3%\u20135% PBF is a useful guideline for general body fat reduction in Korean middle- aged men in primary care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.23.0246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T20:36:10Z","timestamp":1717965370000},"page":"247-252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4082\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association between percent body fat and low high-density lipoproteinemia in middle-aged men in 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