{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:55:12Z","timestamp":1785891312873,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Hematology Section, Dept. of Radiological Science and Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561420800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infections, especially pneumococcal septicemia, meningitis, and Salmonella osteomyelitis, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD increased susceptibility to infection, while infection leads to SCD-specific pathophysiological changes. The risk of infectious complications is highest in children with a palpable spleen before 6 months of age. Functional splenectomy, the results of repeated splenic infarctions, appears to be an important host-defense defect. Infection is the leading cause of death, particularly in less developed countries. Defective host-defense mechanisms enhance the risk of pneumococcal complications. Susceptibility to Salmonella infections can be explained at least in part by a similar mechanism. In high-income countries, the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine has been demonstrated in this disease. A decreased in infection incidence has been noted in SCD patients treated prophylactically with daily oral penicillin. Studies in low-income countries suggest the involvement of a different spectrum of etiological agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2019.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T09:25:44Z","timestamp":1562232344000},"page":"02019042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND INFECTIONS IN HIGH- AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES"],"prefix":"10.4084","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cannas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]]},"container-title":["Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/2019.042\/3641","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/2019.042\/3658","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/2019.042\/3641","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T11:40:00Z","timestamp":1768304400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/view\/2019.042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4084\/mjhid.2019.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["2035-3006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2035-3006","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]]}}}