{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T23:19:59Z","timestamp":1761952799020,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Hematology Section, Dept. of Radiological Science and Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. \u00a0Objective: To evaluate the risk of developing glucose dysregulation and diabetes mellitus over a 10-year period among transfusion-dependent \u03b2-thalassemia (\u03b2-TDT) patients with varying levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) within the normoglycemic range.\r\n\u00a0Setting: The study included \u03b2-TDT patients followed from January 2014 to January 2025 in three thalassemia canters; Tehran and Shiraz in Iran, and Ferrara in Italy.\r\n\u00a0Participants:\u00a0A total of 238 \u03b2-TDT patients (age range: 10\u201341.9 years; 96 males and 142 females) were included.\r\nResults: At baseline, the mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level was 88.0 \u00b1 8.3 mg\/dL (median: 90 mg\/dL), and the mean serum ferritin (SF) level was 2,080 \u00b1 2,072 \u00b5g\/L (median: 1,368 \u00b5g\/L). The mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, available in 201\/238 patients, was 29.0 \u00b1 25.8 IU\/L. \u00a0\u03b2-TDT patients were categorized into three subgroups according to the conversion of FPG during the 10 year follow up\u00a0 [Group A: 93\/238 \u03b2-TDT patients with persistent normal FPG according to ADA criteria; Group B: 67\/238 patients developed persistent impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and Group C: 78\/238 patients developed thalassemia-related diabetes mellitus (Th-RDM)]. Notably, 64.1% and 76.9 of patients with FPG at baseline \u2265 90 mg\/dl and &lt; 100 mg\/dL developed impaired fasting glucose (Group B) and Th-RDM (Group C), respectively. To determine the optimal cutoff for the risk of progressing to impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and Th-RDM at 10-year\u00a0 follow-up, ROC curve analyses and respective areas under the curve were analyzed. The FPG cutoff value for optimal specificity and sensitivity was established at 87.5 mg\/dL. Contributing factors associated with the progression to prediabetes and Th-RDM included: older age, gender (females), positive family history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes, lower pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels, severity of iron overload, and elevated liver enzyme levels.\r\n\u00a0Conclusions: Higher FPG levels within the normoglycemic range in \u03b2-TDT patients are associated with a greater risk for future glucose dysregulation and diabetes. Close monitoring and timely intervention in these high-risk individuals\u00a0 should be considered in order to reduce the burden of hyperglycemia in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2025.072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T23:16:32Z","timestamp":1761952592000},"page":"e2025072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVELS WITHIN THE HIGH NORMAL RANGE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED RISK OF FUTURE DYSGLYCEMIA IN TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT \u0392 THALASSEMIA: A DECADE-LONG MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS"],"prefix":"10.4084","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"De Sanctis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Forough","family":"Saki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Faranoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihab","family":"Elhakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashraf T","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahina","family":"Daar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ploutarchos","family":"Tzoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"container-title":["Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/6082\/4758","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/6082\/4760","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/download\/6082\/4758","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T23:16:33Z","timestamp":1761952593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mjhid.org\/mjhid\/article\/view\/6082"}},"subtitle":["Higher normal fasting plasma glucose and glucose dysregulation in \u03b2- thalassemia"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4084\/mjhid.2025.072","relation":{},"ISSN":["2035-3006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2035-3006","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]}}}