{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T22:52:23Z","timestamp":1788648743727,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"\n Context<\/jats:title>\n Handheld percussive massage devices (ie, massage guns) are a relatively new and under-researched recovery tool. These tools are intended to increase range of motion and reduce muscle soreness by delivering targeted vibration to soft tissues. Empirical knowledge about the potential influence of these devices on perceptual recovery and the recovery of performance characteristics after exercise is scarce.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the effect of a 5-minute massage gun application, using a commercially available device, on physical and perceptual recovery after a strenuous bout of lower body exercise.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Controlled laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Physiology laboratory.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n A total of 65 active young adults (age = 21.3 \u00b1 1.4 years; age range = 18\u201330 years; 34 women: height = 165.8 \u00b1 6.1 cm, mass = 66.0 \u00b1 7.4 kg; 31 men: height = 181.1 \u00b1 6.0 cm, mass = 81.5 \u00b1 11.8 kg).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Intervention(s)<\/jats:title>\n Participants applied a massage gun on the calf muscles of 1 leg after strenuous exercise (massage gun recovery group) for 5 minutes and used no recovery intervention on the other leg (control group).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n Ankle range of motion, calf circumference, isometric strength, calf endurance, and perceived muscle soreness measures were collected at baseline and at various points after lower body exercise.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n No significant group \u00d7 time interactions were recorded for any of the performance or perceptual measures (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n values > .05). Effect sizes were mostly unclear, except for a small increase in perceived muscle soreness in the massage gun recovery group compared with the control group immediately (\n d<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.35) and 4 hours (\n d<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.48) postrecovery.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Massage guns appeared to have little effect on physical measures when applied for 5 minutes immediately after strenuous calf exercise. Given the small increase in muscle soreness up to 4 hours after their use, caution is recommended when using massage guns immediately after strenuous lower body exercise.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0041.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T23:10:43Z","timestamp":1685401843000},"page":"310-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Under the Gun: Percussive Massage Therapy and Physical and Perceptual Recovery in Active Adults"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Alana J.","family":"Leabeater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport, Performance and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthea C.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport, Performance and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lachlan","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport, Performance and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport, Performance and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Driller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport, Performance and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b01","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","first-page":"240","article-title":"Recovery and performance in sport: consensus statement","volume":"13","author":"Kellmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kellmann\n M,\n \n \n Bertollo\n M,\n \n \n Bosquet\n L,\n \n et al.\n \n Recovery and performance in sport: consensus statement. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018;13(2):240\u2013245. doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0759"},{"issue":"7","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b02","series-title":"PloS One","first-page":"e0253945","article-title":"Psychophysical predictors of experimental muscle pain intensity following fatiguing calf exercise","volume":"16","author":"Kristensen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kristensen\n NS,\n \n \n Hertel\n E,\n \n \n Skadhauge\n CH,\n \n \n Kronborg\n SH,\n \n \n Petersen\n KK,\n \n \n McPhee\n ME.\n \n \n Psychophysical predictors of experimental muscle pain intensity following fatiguing calf exercise. PloS One. 2021;16(7):e0253945. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0253945"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b03","series-title":"SportRxiv Preprints","article-title":"A critical evaluation of percussion massage gun devices as a rehabilitation tool focusing on lower limb mobility: a literature review","author":"Martin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin\n J.\n \n \n A critical evaluation of percussion massage gun devices as a rehabilitation tool focusing on lower limb mobility: a literature review. SportRxiv Preprints. January 20, 2021. doi:10.31236\/osf.io\/j9ya8"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b04","series-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med","first-page":"e000614","article-title":"Effect of sports massage on performance and recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Davis\n HL,\n \n \n Alabed\n S,\n \n \n Chico\n TJA.\n \n \n Effect of sports massage on performance and recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020;6(1):e000614. doi:10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000614"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b05","series-title":"Perform Enhanc Health","first-page":"100235","article-title":"All the gear: the prevalence and perceived effectiveness of recovery strategies used by triathletes","volume":"10","author":"Leabeater","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leabeater\n AJ,\n \n \n James\n LP,\n \n \n Huynh\n M,\n \n \n Vleck\n V,\n \n \n Plews\n DJ,\n \n \n Driller\n MW.\n \n \n All the gear: the prevalence and perceived effectiveness of recovery strategies used by triathletes. Perform Enhanc Health. 2022;10(4):100235. doi:10.1016\/j.peh.2022.100235"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b06","series-title":"J Sports Sci Med","first-page":"690","article-title":"The acute effects of a percussive massage treatment with a hypervolt device on plantar flexor muscles\u2019 range of motion and performance","volume":"19","author":"Konrad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Konrad\n A,\n \n \n Glash\u00fcttner\n C,\n \n \n Reiner\n MM,\n \n \n Bernsteiner\n D,\n \n \n Tilp\n M.\n \n \n The acute effects of a percussive massage treatment with a hypervolt device on plantar flexor muscles\u2019 range of motion and performance. J Sports Sci Med. 2020;19(4):690\u2013694."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b07","series-title":"Int J Exerc Sci Conf Proc","first-page":"75","article-title":"The effect of handheld percussion treatment on vertical jump height","volume":"8","author":"Kujala","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kujala\n RP,\n \n \n Davis\n CD,\n \n \n Young\n L.\n \n \n The effect of handheld percussion treatment on vertical jump height. Int J Exerc Sci Conf Proc. 2019;8(7):75."},{"issue":"15","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b08","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"7726","article-title":"Acute effects of a percussive massage treatment on movement velocity during resistance training","volume":"18","author":"Garc\u00eda-Sillero","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Sillero\n M,\n \n \n Jurado-Castro\n JM,\n \n \n Ben\u00edtez-Porres\n J,\n \n \n Vargas-Molina\n S.\n \n \n Acute effects of a percussive massage treatment on movement velocity during resistance training. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):7726. doi:10.3390\/ijerph18157726"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b09","series-title":"Healthcare (Basel)","first-page":"693","article-title":"Why percussive massage therapy does not improve recovery after a water rescue? A preliminary study with lifeguards","volume":"10","author":"Alonso-Calvete","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alonso-Calvete\n A,\n \n \n Lorenzo-Mart\u00ednez\n M,\n \n \n P\u00e9rez-Ferreir\u00f3s\n A,\n \n et al.\n \n Why percussive massage therapy does not improve recovery after a water rescue? A preliminary study with lifeguards. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;10(4):693. doi:10.3390\/healthcare10040693"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b10","series-title":"Phys Ther","first-page":"pzaa199","article-title":"Rhabdomyolysis after the use of percussion massage gun: a case report","volume":"101","author":"Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen\n J,\n \n \n Zhang\n F,\n \n \n Chen\n H,\n \n \n Pan\n H.\n \n \n Rhabdomyolysis after the use of percussion massage gun: a case report. Phys Ther. 2021;101(1):pzaa199. doi:10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa199"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b11","series-title":"Poster presented at: American Thoracic Society Conference; May 17, 2022; San Francisco, CA","article-title":"Hemothorax after use of percussion massage gun: a case report","author":"Masters","unstructured":"Masters\n A,\n \n \n Duarte\n R,\n \n \n Chiang\n B,\n \n \n Sarvottam\n K,\n \n \n Patel\n K.\n \n \n Hemothorax after use of percussion massage gun: a case report. Poster presented at: American Thoracic Society Conference; May 17, 2022; San Francisco, CA. doi:10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_MeetingAbstracts.A4172"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b12","series-title":"BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil","first-page":"6","article-title":"Team sport athletes\u2019 perceptions and use of recovery strategies: a mixed-methods survey study","volume":"9","author":"Crowther","year":"2017","unstructured":"Crowther\n F,\n \n \n Sealey\n R,\n \n \n Crowe\n M,\n \n \n Edwards\n A,\n \n \n Halson\n S.\n \n \n Team sport athletes\u2019 perceptions and use of recovery strategies: a mixed-methods survey study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2017;9:6. doi:10.1186\/s13102-017-0071-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b13","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perf","first-page":"621","article-title":"Effect of compression socks worn between repeated maximal running bouts","volume":"12","author":"Brophy-Williams","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brophy-Williams\n N,\n \n \n Driller\n MW,\n \n \n Kitic\n CM,\n \n \n Fell\n JW,\n \n \n Halson\n SL.\n \n \n Effect of compression socks worn between repeated maximal running bouts. Int J Sports Physiol Perf. 2017;12(5):621\u2013627. doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2016-0162"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b14","series-title":"Aust J Physiother","first-page":"175","article-title":"Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a weight-bearing lunge measure of ankle dorsiflexion","volume":"44","author":"Bennell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bennell\n KL,\n \n \n Talbot\n RC,\n \n \n Wajswelner\n H,\n \n \n Techovanich\n W,\n \n \n Kelly\n D,\n \n \n Hall\n AJ.\n \n \n Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a weight-bearing lunge measure of ankle dorsiflexion. Aust J Physiother. 1998;44(3):175\u2013180. doi:10.1016\/s0004-9514(14)60377-9"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b15","series-title":"Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"245","article-title":"Reliability of Achilles tendon resting angle and calf circumference measurement techniques","volume":"19","author":"Carmont","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carmont\n MR,\n \n \n Silbernagel\n KG,\n \n \n Mathy\n A,\n \n \n Mulji\n Y,\n \n \n Karlsson\n J,\n \n \n Maffulli\n N.\n \n \n Reliability of Achilles tendon resting angle and calf circumference measurement techniques. Foot Ankle Surg. 2013;19(4):245\u2013249. doi:10.1016\/j.fas.2013.06.007"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b16","series-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc","first-page":"1369","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of muscle volume and Achilles tendon length after Achilles tendon ruptures","volume":"21","author":"Rosso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rosso\n C,\n \n \n Vavken\n P,\n \n \n Polzer\n C,\n \n et al.\n \n Long-term outcomes of muscle volume and Achilles tendon length after Achilles tendon ruptures. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013;21(6):1369\u20131377. doi:10.1007\/s00167-013-2407-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b17","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Sci","first-page":"191","article-title":"Reliability, variability, and minimal detectable change of bilateral and unilateral lower extremity isometric force tests","volume":"6","author":"Mattiussi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mattiussi\n AM,\n \n \n Shaw\n JW,\n \n \n Cohen\n DD,\n \n et al.\n \n Reliability, variability, and minimal detectable change of bilateral and unilateral lower extremity isometric force tests. J Sport Exerc Sci. 2022;6(3):191\u2013199. doi:10.36905\/jses.2022.03.05"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b18","series-title":"Sport Mont J","first-page":"63","article-title":"The influence of maximum strength performance in seated calf raises on counter movement jump and squat jump in elite junior basketball players","volume":"20","author":"Warneke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Warneke\n K,\n \n \n Keiner\n M,\n \n \n Lohmann\n LH,\n \n \n Hillebrecht\n M,\n \n \n Wirth\n K,\n \n \n Schiemann\n S.\n \n \n The influence of maximum strength performance in seated calf raises on counter movement jump and squat jump in elite junior basketball players. Sport Mont J. 2022;20(2):63\u201368. doi:10.26773\/smj.220610"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b19","series-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"286","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the isometric soleus strength test in elite male academy footballers","volume":"17","author":"Rhodes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rhodes\n D,\n \n \n Jeffery\n J,\n \n \n Brook-Sutton\n D,\n \n \n Alexander\n J.\n \n \n Test-retest reliability of the isometric soleus strength test in elite male academy footballers. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2022;17(2):286\u2013292. doi:10.26603\/001c.31047"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b20","series-title":"Physiotherapy","first-page":"446","article-title":"Updated reliability and normative values for the standing heel-rise test in healthy adults","volume":"103","author":"H\u00e9bert-Losier","year":"2017","unstructured":"H\u00e9bert-Losier\n K,\n \n \n Wessman\n C,\n \n \n Alricsson\n M,\n \n \n Svantesson\n U.\n \n \n Updated reliability and normative values for the standing heel-rise test in healthy adults. Physiotherapy. 2017;103(4):446\u2013452. doi:10.1016\/j.physio.2017.03.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b21","series-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr","first-page":"190","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the standing heel-rise test","volume":"30","author":"Yocum","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yocum\n A,\n \n \n McCoy\n SW,\n \n \n Bjornson\n KF,\n \n \n Mullens\n P,\n \n \n Burton\n GN.\n \n \n Reliability and validity of the standing heel-rise test. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2010;30(3):190\u2013204. doi:10.3109\/01942631003761380"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b22","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"163","article-title":"Reliability of a device measuring triceps surae muscle fatigability","volume":"38","author":"Haber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Haber\n M,\n \n \n Golan\n E,\n \n \n Azoulay\n L,\n \n \n Kahn\n SR,\n \n \n Shrier\n I.\n \n \n Reliability of a device measuring triceps surae muscle fatigability. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(2):163\u2013167. doi:10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002899"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b23","series-title":"J Sport Rehabil","first-page":"117","article-title":"Test\u2013retest reliability of the standing heel-rise test","volume":"9","author":"Ross","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ross\n MD,\n \n \n Fontenot\n EG.\n \n \n Test\u2013retest reliability of the standing heel-rise test. J Sport Rehabil. 2000;9(2):117\u2013123. doi:10.1123\/jsr.9.2.117"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b24","series-title":"Biomed Res Int","first-page":"391646","article-title":"Design and reliability of a novel heel rise test measuring device for plantarflexion endurance","volume":"2014","author":"Sman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sman\n AD,\n \n \n Hiller\n CE,\n \n \n Imer\n A,\n \n \n Ocsing\n A,\n \n \n Burns\n J,\n \n \n Refshauge\n KM.\n \n \n Design and reliability of a novel heel rise test measuring device for plantarflexion endurance. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:391646. doi:10.1155\/2014\/391646"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b25","series-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc","first-page":"60","article-title":"The reliability of isokinetic testing of the ankle joint and a heel-raise test for endurance","volume":"13","author":"M\u00f6ller","year":"2005","unstructured":"M\u00f6ller\n M,\n \n \n Lind\n K,\n \n \n Styf\n J,\n \n \n Karlsson\n J.\n \n \n The reliability of isokinetic testing of the ankle joint and a heel-raise test for endurance. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2005;13(1):60\u201371. doi:10.1007\/s00167-003-0441-0"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b26","series-title":"J Sports Sci","first-page":"387","article-title":"Muscular soreness following prolonged intermittent high-intensity shuttle running","volume":"17","author":"Thompson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Thompson\n D,\n \n \n Nicholas\n C,\n \n \n Williams\n C.\n \n \n Muscular soreness following prolonged intermittent high-intensity shuttle running. J Sports Sci. 1999;17(5):387\u2013395. doi:10.1080\/026404199365902"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b27","article-title":"How to use the hydragun deep tissue massage gun. Hydragun. Published May 20","year":"2021","unstructured":"How to use the hydragun deep tissue massage gun. Hydragun. Published May 20, 2021. Accessed September 6, 2022. https:\/\/blog.hydragun.com\/how-to-use-hydragun-deep-tissue-massage-gun\/"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b28","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cohen\n J.\n \n \n \n Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences\n . 2nd rev ed. Routledge; 2013."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b29","series-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol","first-page":"9","article-title":"Massage therapy modulates inflammatory mediators following sprint exercise in healthy male athletes","volume":"5","author":"White","year":"2020","unstructured":"White\n GE,\n \n \n West\n SL,\n \n \n Caterini\n JE,\n \n \n Di Battista\n AP,\n \n \n Rhind\n SG,\n \n \n Wells\n GD.\n \n \n Massage therapy modulates inflammatory mediators following sprint exercise in healthy male athletes. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2020;5(1):9. doi:10.3390\/jfmk5010009"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b30","series-title":"J Physiother","first-page":"75","article-title":"Massage therapy slightly decreased pain intensity after habitual running, but had no effect on fatigue, mood or physical performance: a randomised trial","volume":"65","author":"Bender","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bender\n PU,\n \n \n Luz\n CMD,\n \n \n Feldkircher\n JM,\n \n \n Nunes\n GS.\n \n \n Massage therapy slightly decreased pain intensity after habitual running, but had no effect on fatigue, mood or physical performance: a randomised trial. J Physiother. 2019;65(2):75\u201380. doi:10.1016\/j.jphys.2019.02.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b31","series-title":"J Sports Sci Med","first-page":"112","article-title":"Comparison of the acute effects of foam rolling with high and low vibration frequencies on eccentrically damaged muscle","volume":"21","author":"Kasahara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kasahara\n K,\n \n \n Yoshida\n R,\n \n \n Yahata\n K,\n \n et al.\n \n Comparison of the acute effects of foam rolling with high and low vibration frequencies on eccentrically damaged muscle. J Sports Sci Med. 2022;21(1):112\u2013119. doi:10.52082\/jssm.2022.112"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b32","series-title":"J Sports Sci Med","first-page":"172","article-title":"Effects of vibration and non-vibration foam rolling on recovery after exercise with induced muscle damage","volume":"18","author":"Romero-Moraleda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Romero-Moraleda\n B,\n \n \n Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda\n J,\n \n \n Cu\u00e9llar-Rayo\n \u00c1,\n \n \n Balsalobre-Fern\u00e1ndez\n C,\n \n \n Mu\u00f1oz-Garc\u00eda\n D,\n \n \n Morencos\n E.\n \n \n Effects of vibration and non-vibration foam rolling on recovery after exercise with induced muscle damage. J Sports Sci Med. 2019;18(1):172\u2013180."},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b33","article-title":"How long should I use my theragun","unstructured":"How long should I use my theragun? Therbody. Accessed November 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.therabody.com\/anz\/en-au\/faq\/getting-started\/faq-category-1-faq-2.html#:\u223c:text=Depending%20on%20the%20desired%20result,2%2D3%20times%20per%20day"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b34","series-title":"Clin Sports Med","first-page":"255","article-title":"Muscle soreness and delayed-onset muscle soreness","volume":"31","author":"Lewis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lewis\n PB,\n \n \n Ruby\n D,\n \n \n Bush-Joseph\n CA.\n \n \n Muscle soreness and delayed-onset muscle soreness. Clin Sports Med. 2012;31(2):255\u2013262. doi:10.1016\/j.csm.2011.09.009"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b35","series-title":"Sports Med","first-page":"235","article-title":"The mechanisms of massage and effects on performance, muscle recovery and injury prevention","volume":"35","author":"Weerapong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weerapong\n P,\n \n \n Hume\n PA,\n \n \n Kolt\n GS.\n \n \n The mechanisms of massage and effects on performance, muscle recovery and injury prevention. Sports Med. 2005;35(3):235\u2013256. doi:10.2165\/00007256-200535030-00004"},{"key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b36","series-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther","first-page":"426","article-title":"A psychophysical study comparing massage to conditioned pain modulation: a single blind randomized controlled trial in healthy participants","volume":"27","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilson\n AT,\n \n \n Riley\n JL\n III,\n \n \n Bishop\n MD,\n \n et al.\n \n A psychophysical study comparing massage to conditioned pain modulation: a single blind randomized controlled trial in healthy participants. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021;27:426\u2013435. doi:10.1016\/j.jbmt.2021.02.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b37","series-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol","first-page":"22","article-title":"Recovery strategies in endurance athletes","volume":"7","author":"Braun-Trocchio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Braun-Trocchio\n R,\n \n \n Graybeal\n AJ,\n \n \n Kreutzer\n A,\n \n et al.\n \n Recovery strategies in endurance athletes. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2022;7(1):22. doi:10.3390\/jfmk7010022"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b38","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","first-page":"76","article-title":"Lower-leg compression, running mechanics, and economy in trained distance runners","volume":"10","author":"Stickford","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stickford\n AS,\n \n \n Chapman\n RF,\n \n \n Johnston\n JD,\n \n \n Stager\n JM.\n \n \n Lower-leg compression, running mechanics, and economy in trained distance runners. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015;10(1):76\u201383. doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2014-0003"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1062-6050-59-3-310-b39","series-title":"Strength Cond J","first-page":"16","article-title":"Is postexercise muscle soreness a valid indicator of muscular adaptations","volume":"35","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schoenfeld\n BJ,\n \n \n Contreras\n B.\n \n \n Is postexercise muscle soreness a valid indicator of muscular adaptations? Strength Cond J. 2013;35(5):16\u201321. doi:10.1519\/SSC.0b013e3182a61820"}],"container-title":["Journal of Athletic Training"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/59\/3\/article-p310.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/59\/3\/310\/3347117\/i1062-6050-59-3-310.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/59\/3\/article-p310.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/59\/3\/article-p310.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T20:43:10Z","timestamp":1749674590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/59\/3\/article-p310.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-0041.23","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-162X","1062-6050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-162X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1062-6050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}