{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:52:58Z","timestamp":1791334378319,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knee extensor weakness has been identified as one of the strongest risk factors for the development of patellofemoral pain (PFP), and strengthening exercises for the quadriceps are widely recommended to improve pain and function. However, conflicting biomechanical findings and small studies\u2014often conducted in pain-free individuals\u2014limit guidance on the optimal range of motion (ROM) for knee extension exercises in PFP. This uncertainty hinders clinical decision-making, despite knee extension being one of the most commonly prescribed exercises for this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare pain intensity and knee extensor strength at different ROMs in individuals with PFP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected at the Human Movement Analysis Laboratory of the Federal University of Cear\u00e1 between July and November 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred individuals with a clinical diagnosis of PFP were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain intensity assessed using the numeric pain rating scale (0\u201310) and knee extensor strength using an isokinetic dynamometer at ROMs of 90\u00b0\u201345\u00b0, 70\u00b0\u201325\u00b0, and 45\u00b0\u20130\u00b0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-four percent of participants with PFP reported knee pain in at least 1 ROM. The 70\u00b0\u201325\u00b0 ROM demonstrated greater pain intensity than the 45\u00b0\u201390\u00b0 ROM (mean difference [MD] = 1, 95% CI = 0.4, 1.6). No significant differences in pain intensity were observed between 45\u00b0\u20130\u00b0 and 90\u00b0\u201345\u00b0. Participants had lower knee extensor strength in the 45\u00b0\u20130\u00b0 ROM than the 70\u00b0\u201325\u00b0 (MD = \u221227.5, 95% CI = \u221232.6, \u221222.5) and 90\u00b0\u201345\u00b0 (MD = \u221229.9, 95% CI = \u221232.6, \u221222.5) ROMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knee pain during resisted knee extension is highly prevalent in individuals with PFP. Although the 70\u00b0\u201325\u00b0 ROM elicited greater pain, the 45\u00b0\u20130\u00b0 ROM produced lower torque. Clinicians may tailor the ROM during knee extension exercises based on symptom response and the balance between pain exacerbation and torque generation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0046.26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:30:49Z","timestamp":1783729849000},"page":"675-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pain Intensity and Knee Extensor Strength Across Different Ranges of Motion During Knee Extension Exercise in Individuals With Patellofemoral Pain"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Ronieri M.","family":"Brilhante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Knee and Sports Research Group, Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Fortaleza, Brazil"},{"name":"Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lia M. A.","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana K. S.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knee and Sports Research Group, Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Fortaleza, Brazil"},{"name":"Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo De Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), La Trobe University, Bundoora\/Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel P. L.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knee and Sports Research Group, Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Fortaleza, Brazil"},{"name":"Program in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b01","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"270","article-title":"Risk factors for patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Neal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neal BS,\nLack SD,\nLankhorst NE,\nRaye A,\nMorrissey D,\nvan Middelkoop M. Risk factors for patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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Dynamic joint forces during knee isokinetic exercise. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19(3):305\u2013316. doi:10.1177\/036354659101900317"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b10","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"438","article-title":"Biomechanical considerations in patellofemoral joint rehabilitation","volume":"21","author":"Steinkamp","year":"1993","unstructured":"Steinkamp LA,\nDillingham MF,\nMarkel MD,\nHill JA,\nKaufman KR. Biomechanical considerations in patellofemoral joint rehabilitation. Am J Sports Med. 1993;21(3):438\u2013444. doi:10.1177\/036354659302100319"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b11","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"155","article-title":"A controlled trial of weight-bearing versus non-weight-bearing exercises for patellofemoral pain","volume":"37","author":"Herrington","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herrington L,\nAl-Sherhi A. 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Br J Sports Med. 2021;55(20):1135\u20131143. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2020-103700"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b23","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"332","article-title":"Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and clinimetric testing of instruments used to assess patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome in the Brazilian population","volume":"43","author":"da Cunha","year":"2013","unstructured":"da Cunha RA,\nPena Costa LO,\nHespanhol Junior LC,\nPires RS,\nKujala UM,\nLopes AD. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and clinimetric testing of instruments used to assess patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome in the Brazilian population. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013;43(5):332\u2013339. doi:10.2519\/jospt.2013.4228"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b24","series-title":"J Sport Rehabil","first-page":"24","article-title":"Are physical function and fear of movement risk factors for patellofemoral pain? 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Phys Ther Sport. 2024;69:76\u201383. doi:10.1016\/j.ptsp.2024.08.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b30","series-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage","first-page":"764","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of self-reported knee crepitus using a Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score item","volume":"33","author":"Couch","year":"2025","unstructured":"Couch JL,\nKing MG,\nDe Oliveira Silva D, et al. Diagnostic performance of self-reported knee crepitus using a Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score item. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2025;33(6):764\u2013769. doi:10.1016\/j.joca.2024.12.004"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b31","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"385","article-title":"How can we implement exercise therapy for patellofemoral pain if we don\u2019t know what was prescribed? A systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Holden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Holden S,\nRathleff MS,\nJensen MB,\nBarton CJ. 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Isokinetic torque analysis demonstrates deficits in knee flexor and extensor torque in patients at 9\u201312 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, despite peak torque symmetry. Knee. 2021;32:9\u201318. doi:10.1016\/j.knee.2021.07.003"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b37","series-title":"Sports Health","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Sex differences in knee extensor neuromuscular function in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim S,\nGlaviano NR,\nPark J. Sex differences in knee extensor neuromuscular function in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain. 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Gait Posture. 2019;68:1\u20135. doi:10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.10.033"},{"key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b40","series-title":"SAGE Open Med","first-page":"2050312120901559","article-title":"Effects of range of motion on muscle development during resistance training interventions: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schoenfeld BJ,\nGrgic J. Effects of range of motion on muscle development during resistance training interventions: a systematic review. SAGE Open Med. 2020;8:2050312120901559. doi:10.1177\/2050312120901559"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1938-162X-61-10-675-b41","series-title":"J Sport Health Sci","first-page":"202","article-title":"Overweight and obesity in young adults with patellofemoral pain: impact on functional capacity and strength","volume":"12","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ferreira AS,\nMentiplay BF,\nTaborda B,\nPazzinatto MF,\nde Azevedo FM,\nde Oliveira Silva D. Overweight and obesity in young adults with patellofemoral pain: impact on functional capacity and strength. 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