{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T02:15:10Z","timestamp":1778552110500,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the injury rates and patterns associated with high school track and field running events, stratified by sex and athletic exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiology study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>United States high schools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High school athletes participating in track and field running events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained from the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance System, High School Reporting Information Online, from 2008 to 2019. Data were analyzed for hurdles, sprints, and middle- and long-distance running events. Injury number, types, locations, and athlete demographics were analyzed across various track and field events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2629 injuries occurred during 5\u2009486\u2009279 AEs. Injury rates standardized to AEs were higher in competition than in practice (rate ratio [RR] = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.96, 2.31). Injury rates were higher for girls in practice (RR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.41, 1.73), while boys had higher injury rates in competition (RR = 3.03, 95% CI = 2.68, 3.41). Injuries were most commonly located in the thigh (35.1%) and leg (19.8%). The most frequent injury type was muscle strain (42.2%). Recurrent injuries comprised a larger proportion of chronic injuries than new injuries (injury proportion ratio = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.28, 1.62). Sprints had the highest number of injuries (n = 1507), followed by middle and long distance (n = 712) and hurdles (n = 391). Concussions were most common in hurdles, tendonitis in middle- and long-distance running, and avulsions in sprints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injury types varied by event, highlighting the need for injury-prevention strategies tailored to the specific demands of each event. This study adds to the limited body of epidemiological research on track and field running injuries among high school athletes from 2008 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0203.25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:52:00Z","timestamp":1770771120000},"page":"356-363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of Injuries in United States High School Track and Field Running Events From 2008 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Hye Chang","family":"Rhim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Combs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Karnovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toqa","family":"Afifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle T.","family":"Barrack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitchell J.","family":"Rauh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, San Diego State University, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam S.","family":"Tenforde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School\/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charleston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"key":"i1938-162X-61-5-356-b01","article-title":"High school athletics participation survey","unstructured":"High school athletics participation survey. National Federation of State High School Associations. Accessed June 24, 2023. https:\/\/www.nfhs.org\/media\/5989280\/2021-22_participation_survey.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1938-162X-61-5-356-b02","series-title":"Orthop J Sports Med","first-page":"23259671211068079","article-title":"Epidemiology of NCAA track and field injuries from 2010 to 2014","volume":"10","author":"Hopkins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hopkins C,\nWilliams J,\nRauh MJ,\nZhang L. Epidemiology of NCAA track and field injuries from 2010 to 2014. Orthop J Sports Med. 2022;10(1):23259671211068079. doi:10.1177\/23259671211068079"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1938-162X-61-5-356-b03","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"1463","article-title":"Epidemiology of injuries in United States high school track and field: 2008\u20132009 through 2013\u20132014","volume":"44","author":"Pierpoint","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pierpoint LA,\nWilliams CM,\nFields SK,\nComstock RD. 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