{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:24:38Z","timestamp":1791908678686,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Football continues to demonstrate the highest rate of sport-related concussion (SRC) in high school athletics. To mitigate the SRC risk, the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) implemented rules aimed at reducing the number of collisions occurring in practices.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To estimate the rates of SRC in MHSAA football programs and evaluate progressive limitations to collision practices over 5 consecutive seasons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Michigan high school football.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High school (9th\u201312th grade) football athletes (&amp;gt;99% male) participating in MHSAA-sanctioned events.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Designated administrators at each school recorded the total number of participating athletes and SRCs (defined as head injuries resulting from athletic participation that required the student-athletes to be withheld from activity after exhibiting signs, symptoms, or behaviors consistent with an SRC) in the MHSAA injury-surveillance system each season (2015\u20132016 through 2019\u20132020). Progressive limitations to collision practices occurred across the study period. We estimated athlete-exposures (AEs) as the total number of players multiplied by the total number of possible practices (11 weeks, 4 days each) or competitions (9 weeks, 1 day each) during each season. Incidence rates and rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were used to compare practice and competition SRCs and each season with the most recent season.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 7755 football SRCs were diagnosed across the 5-year period. The overall SRC rate was 8.03 per 10\u200a000 AEs (95% CI = 7.85, 8.21). The competition SRC rate (30.13\/10\u2009000 AEs) was higher than the practice rate (3.51\/10\u200a000 AEs; RR = 8.58; 95% CI = 8.19, 9.00). The practice SRC rate was lower in 2017\u20132018 (RR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.77, 0.97), 2018\u20132019 (RR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79, 1.0), and 2019\u20132020 (RR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.74, 0.94) relative to 2015\u20132016.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found that the progressive limitations to collision practices were protective against SRCs, as the rate of SRC was lower in the 3 most recent seasons relative to 2015\u20132016.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0341.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T19:35:56Z","timestamp":1645558556000},"page":"733-740","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Avenues for Sport-Related Concussion Prevention in High School Football: Effect of Limiting Collision Practices"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Abigail C.","family":"Bretzin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Penn Injury Science Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Tomczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2020Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas J.","family":"Wiebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Penn Injury Science Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey","family":"Covassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2020Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr\n              ZY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChandranA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNedimyerAK,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tArakkalA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPierpointLA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tZuckermanSL.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Concussion incidence and trends in 20 high school sports.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;144(5):e20192180.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1542\/peds.2019-2180","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2180"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chun\n              BJ\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFurutaniT,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOshiroR,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYoungC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPrentissG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMurataN.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Concussion epidemiology in youth sports: sports study of a statewide high school sports program.\n\t\t\t\t\tSports Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;13(1):18\u201324.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/1941738120932570","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738120932570"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b03","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O'Connor\n              KL\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBakerMM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDaltonSL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDompierTP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBroglioSP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKerrZY.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Epidemiology of sport-related concussions in high school athletes: National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION), 2011\u20132012 through 2013\u20132014.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Athl Train.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;52(3):175\u2013185.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4085\/1062-6050-52.1.15","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-52.1.15"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b04","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bartley\n              JH\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMurrayMF,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKraeutlerMJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Epidemiology of injuries sustained as a result of intentional player contact in high school football, ice hockey, and lacrosse: 2005\u20132006 through 2015\u20132016.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthop J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;5(12):2325967117740887.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/2325967117740887","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117740887"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b05","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hammer\n              E\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBrooksMA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHetzelS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tArakkalA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tComstockRD.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Epidemiology of injuries sustained in boys' high school contact and collision sports, 2008\u20132009 through 2012\u20132013.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthop J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;8(2):2325967120903699.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/2325967120903699","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120903699"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b06","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dompier\n              TP\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKerrZY,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMarshallSW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Incidence of concussion during practice and games in youth, high school, and collegiate American football players.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAMA Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;169(7):659\u2013665.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0210","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0210"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b07","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGuine\n              TA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHetzelS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMcCreaM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBrooksMA.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Protective equipment and player characteristics associated with the incidence of sport-related concussion in high school football players: a multifactorial prospective study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;42(10):2470\u20132478.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546514541926","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514541926"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b08","unstructured":"Health & safety rules changes. NFL Football Operations Web site. https:\/\/operations.nfl.com\/football-ops\/nfl-ops-honoring-the-game\/health-safety-rules-changes\/. Accessed November 15,\n          2020."},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b09","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiebe\n              DJ\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tD'AlonzoBA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHarrisR,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPutukianM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbell-McGovernC.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Association between the experimental kickoff rule and concussion rates in Ivy League football.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAMA.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;320(19):2035\u20132036.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1001\/jama.2018.14165","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14165"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfaller\n              AY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBrooksMA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHetzelS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMcGuineTA.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Effect of a new rule limiting full contact practice on the incidence of sport-related concussion in high school football players.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;47(10):2294\u20132299.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546519860120","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519860120"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b11","unstructured":"Johnson\n              J\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKimmerlyG.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          New football practice policies promote safety as 14\u201315 sports year begins. Michigan High School Athletic Association. 2014. Accessed November 15, 2020.https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/News\/Press-Releases\/articleType\/ArticleView\/articleId\/3093\/New-Football-Practice-Policies-Promote-Safety-as-14-15-Sports-Year-Begins"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broglio\n              SP\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWilliamsRM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tO'ConnorKL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGoldstickJ.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Football players' head-impact exposure after limiting of full-contact practices.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Athl Train.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;51(7):511\u2013518.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4085\/1062-6050-51.7.04","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-51.7.04"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bretzin\n              AC\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCovassinT,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFoxME,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Sex differences in the clinical incidence of concussions, missed school days, and time loss in high school student-athletes: part 1.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;46(9):2263\u20132269.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546518778251","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518778251"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Covassin\n              T\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPetitKM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSavageJL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Sports-related concussion occurrence at various time points during high school athletic events: part 2.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;46(9):2270\u20132276.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546518780225","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518780225"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b15","unstructured":"Summary report: Michigan High School Athletic Association head injury reporting system: 2016\u20132017 school year. Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed October 14,\n          2021.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/health%20safety\/concussionreport1617.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b16","unstructured":"Summary report: Michigan High School Athletic Association head injury reporting system: 2015\u20132016 school year. Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed October 14,\n          2021.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/health%20safety\/concussionreport1516.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b17","unstructured":"Summary report: Michigan High School Athletic Association head injury reporting system: 2017\u20132018 school year. Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed October 14,\n          2021.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/health%20safety\/concussionreport1718.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b18","unstructured":"Summary report: Michigan High School Athletic Association head injury reporting system: 2018\u20132019 school year. Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed October 14,\n          2021.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/Documents\/health%20safety\/concussionreport18-19.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b19","unstructured":"Summary report: Michigan High School Athletic Association head injury reporting system: 2019\u20132020 school year. Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed October 14,\n          2021.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/Documents\/health%20safety\/concussionreport19-20.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b20","unstructured":"MHSAA 2015\u201316 calendar.\n          Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed May 10, 2021.\n          \n            https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/15-16calendar.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b21","unstructured":"MHSAA 2016\u201317 calendar.\n          Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed May 5, 2021.\n          \n            https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/16-17calendar.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b22","unstructured":"MHSAA 2017\u201318 calendar.\n          Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed May 10, 2021.\n          \n            https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/17-18calendar.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b23","unstructured":"MHSAA 2018\u201319 calendar.\n          Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed May 10, 2021.\n          \n            https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/18-19calendar.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b24","unstructured":"MHSAA 2019\u201320 calendar.\n          Michigan High School Athletic Association. Accessed May 10, 2021.\n          \n            https:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/portals\/0\/documents\/19-20calendar.pdf"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr\n              ZY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWilkersonGB,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCaswellSV,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          The first decade of web-based sports injury surveillance: descriptive epidemiology of injuries in United States high school football (2005\u20132006 through 2013\u20132014) and National Collegiate Athletic Association football (2004\u20132005 through 2013\u20132014).\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Athl Train.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;53(8):738\u2013751.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4085\/1062-6050-144-17","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-144-17"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCrea\n              MA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tShahA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDumaS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Opportunities for prevention of concussion and repetitive head impact exposure in college football players: a Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAMA Neurol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;78(3):346\u2013350.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.5193","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.5193"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr\n              ZY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCortesN,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAmbegaonkarJP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          The epidemiology of injuries in middle school football, 2015\u20132017: the Advancing Healthcare Initiatives for Underserved Students project.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;47(4):933\u2013941.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546518825361","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518825361"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stemper\n              BD\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tShahAS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHarezlakJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al;\n          CARE Consortium Investigators. Repetitive head impact exposure in college football following an NCAA rule change to eliminate two-a-day preseason practices: a study from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium.\n\t\t\t\t\tAnn Biomed Eng.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;47(10):2073\u20132085.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1007\/s10439-019-02335-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-019-02335-9"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stemper\n              BD\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tShahAS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMihalikJP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tet al.\n          Head impact exposure in college football after a reduction in preseason practices.\n\t\t\t\t\tMed Sci Sports Exerc.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;52(7):1629\u20131638.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002283","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002283"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ntani\n              G\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInskipH,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOsmondC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCoggonD.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Consequences of ignoring clustering in linear regression.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Med Res Methodol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;21(1):139.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1186\/s12874-021-01333-7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01333-7"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Askow\n              AT\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEricksonJL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJagimAR.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Recent trends in youth concussions: a brief report.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Prim Care Community Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;11:\n\t\t\t\t\t2150132720985058.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/2150132720985058","DOI":"10.1177\/2150132720985058"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGuine\n              TA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPfallerAY,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPostEG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHetzelSJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBrooksA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBroglioSP.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          The influence of athletic trainers on the incidence and management of concussions in high school athletes.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Athl Train.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;53(11):1017\u20131024.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4085\/1062-6050-209-18","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-209-18"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pierpoint\n              LA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLaBellaCR,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCollinsCL,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFieldsSK,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tComstockRD.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Injuries in girls' soccer and basketball: a comparison of high schools with and without athletic trainers.\n\t\t\t\t\tInj Epidemiol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;5(1):29.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1186\/s40621-018-0159-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40621-018-0159-6"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bretzin\n              AC\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tZyndaAJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWiebeDJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCovassinT.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Time to authorized clearance from sport-related concussion: the influence of healthcare provider and medical facility.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Athl Train.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;56(8):869\u2013878.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4085\/JAT0159-20","DOI":"10.4085\/JAT0159-20"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr\n              ZY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRegister-MihalikJK,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKayMC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDeFreeseJD,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMarshallSW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGuskiewiczKM.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Concussion nondisclosure during professional career among a cohort of former National Football League athletes.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;46(1):22\u201329.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546517728264","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517728264"},{"key":"2022111022581772300_i1938-162X-57-8-733-b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr\n              ZY\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRegister-MihalikJK,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKroshusE,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBaughCM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMarshallSW.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Motivations associated with nondisclosure of self-reported concussions in former collegiate athletes.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Sports Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;44(1):220\u2013225.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1177\/0363546515612082","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515612082"}],"container-title":["Journal of Athletic Training"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/57\/8\/733\/3143431\/i1938-162x-57-8-733.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/57\/8\/733\/3143431\/i1938-162x-57-8-733.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T19:00:05Z","timestamp":1749668405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/57\/8\/article-p733.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-0341.21","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-162X","1062-6050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-162X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1062-6050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]}}}