{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:08:51Z","timestamp":1792462131724,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postconcussion reaction time deficits are common, but existing assessments lack sport-related applicability. We developed the Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time (StART) tool to emulate the simultaneous cognitive and motor function demands in sport, but its reliability is unestablished.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliability of StART and to examine the dual-task effect, time effect, and relationships between StART and computerized and laboratory-based functional reaction time assessments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical laboratory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty healthy, physically active individuals (age = 20.3 \u00b1 1.8 years, females = 12, no concussion history = 75%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants completed the StART, computerized reaction time (Stroop task via CNS Vital Signs), and laboratory-based jump landing and cutting reaction time under single-task and dual-task (subtracting by 6s or 7s) cognitive conditions at 2 testing sessions a median of 7 days apart. We used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), repeated-measure analysis of variance, and Pearson r correlations to address our aims.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, good to strong interrater (ICC [2,k] range = 0.83\u20130.97), intrarater (ICC [3,k] range = 0.91\u20130.98), and test-retest (ICC [3,k] range = 0.69\u20130.89) reliability were observed. A significant reaction time assessment-by-cognitive condition interaction was present (P = .018, \u03b7p2 = 0.14), with StART having the largest dual-task effect. Main time effects for dual-task conditions were seen across all reaction time assessments (mean difference = \u221225 milliseconds, P = .026, \u03b7p2 = 0.08) with improved performance at the second testing session. No StART outcomes correlated with computerized reaction time (P &amp;gt; .05), although some correlated with single-task (r range = 0.42\u20130.65) and dual-task (r range = 0.19\u20130.50) laboratory cutting reaction time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The StART demonstrated overall reliable performance relative to other reaction time measures. Reliability coupled with a strong dual-task effect indicates that StART is a valid measure for examining functional reaction time and may have future utility for sport-related concussion return-to-play decision-making.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0391.22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T20:31:36Z","timestamp":1666038696000},"page":"579-587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Landon B.","family":"Lempke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Michigan Concussion Center, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"\u2020Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, MA"},{"name":"\u2021Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, 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