{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T02:00:54Z","timestamp":1780797654095,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient recovery expectations may influence actual recovery, although how this applies to adolescents with concussion is not well understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate associations between anticipated symptom resolution time with persisting symptoms after concussion (PSaC). We hypothesized that longer anticipated symptom resolution time would be associated with higher odds of developing PSaC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a prospective cohort study of adolescents with concussion. Participants were enrolled within 21 days of concussion and identified their anticipated recovery time (in weeks since injury). We monitored them through self-reported symptom resolution:\n                      <jats:italic>PSaC<\/jats:italic>\n                      was defined as symptoms lasting &gt;28 days postinjury.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescents with concussion seen for care at 2 tertiary care centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-seven adolescents (average age = 15.8 years, 49% female) with a recent concussion were followed for &gt;1 month after initial evaluation, which took place &lt;21 days postinjury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-nine participants (45%) developed PSaC. Participants reported an average anticipated symptom resolution time of 3.1 weeks from the date of their injury, reported at the time of first evaluation (SD = 1.5; range, 1\u201310 weeks). Those who developed PSaC anticipated longer recovery times than those who did not (3.6 \u00b1 1.8 versus 2.7 \u00b1 1.1 weeks;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .009). After adjusting for covariates (symptom severity, concussion history, anxiety\/depressive symptoms, sex, age, and time since injury), longer expected recovery time was associated with higher odds of developing PSaC (odds ratio = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.18, 4.16;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .01). Among the entire sample, the average total time required for symptom resolution was 4.8 \u00b1 3.5 weeks, with an average difference between anticipated symptom resolution time and actual symptom resolution time of 1.8 \u00b1 3.5 weeks, favoring sooner estimated recovery time than what occurred.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Concussion recovery expectations were associated with PSaC development. Initial postconcussion expectations may be considered with anticipatory guidance for concussion recovery. Clinicians should include patient education to guide expectations surrounding recovery, especially in the setting of increased patient access to potentially inaccurate information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0489.25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T01:16:17Z","timestamp":1770858977000},"page":"416-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concussion Symptom Resolution Expectations and Subsequent Development of Persisting Symptoms After Adolescent Concussion"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Ross","family":"Moseley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathew J.","family":"Wingerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn D.","family":"Hurlburt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsie L.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Nagle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA"},{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie C.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William P.","family":"Meehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA"},{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, MA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Center, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b01","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"695","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport-Amsterdam, October 2022","volume":"57","author":"Patricios","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patricios JS,\nSchneider KJ,\nDvorak J, et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport-Amsterdam, October 2022. Br J Sports Med. 2023;57(11):695\u2013711. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106898"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b02","series-title":"Clin Sports Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology of sport-related concussion","volume":"40","author":"Pierpoint","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pierpoint LA,\nCollins C. Epidemiology of sport-related concussion. Clin Sports Med. 2021;40(1):1\u201318. doi:10.1016\/j.csm.2020.08.013"},{"issue":"12","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b03","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1180","article-title":"Prevalence of concussion among US adolescents and correlated factors","volume":"318","author":"Veliz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Veliz P,\nMcCabe SE,\nEckner JT,\nSchulenberg JE. Prevalence of concussion among US adolescents and correlated factors. JAMA. 2017;318(12):1180\u20131182. doi:10.1001\/jama.2017.9087"},{"issue":"17","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b04","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Trends in the prevalence of concussion reported by US adolescents, 2016\u20132020","volume":"325","author":"Veliz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Veliz P,\nMcCabe SE,\nEckner JT,\nSchulenberg JE. Trends in the prevalence of concussion reported by US adolescents, 2016\u20132020. JAMA. 2021;325(17):1789\u20131791. doi:10.1001\/jama.2021.1538"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b05","series-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)","first-page":"300","article-title":"Pediatric traumatic brain injury and concussion","volume":"24","author":"Choe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choe M,\nBarlow KM. Pediatric traumatic brain injury and concussion. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2018;24(1):300\u2013311. doi:10.1212\/CON.0000000000000569"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b06","series-title":"Brain Inj","first-page":"228","article-title":"A review of post-concussion syndrome and psychological factors associated with concussion","volume":"29","author":"Broshek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Broshek DK,\nDe Marco AP,\nFreeman JR. A review of post-concussion syndrome and psychological factors associated with concussion. Brain Inj. 2015;29(2):228\u2013237. doi:10.3109\/02699052.2014.974674"},{"key":"i1938-162X-61-6-416-b07","series-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","first-page":"51","article-title":"Concussion: pathophysiology and clinical translation","volume":"158","author":"Giza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giza C,\nGreco T,\nPrins ML. Concussion: pathophysiology and clinical translation. In: \nHainline B,\nStern RA, eds. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol 158. 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