{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:28:28Z","timestamp":1787030908654,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main cause for military training attrition is musculoskeletal injuries to the knee, such as patellofemoral pain (PFP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify which factors increase the risk of PFP occurrence in military personnel.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review with meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches were performed in MEDLINE\/PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, and OpenGray databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included studies included military personnel and had a prospective cohort design investigating at least 1 variable as a risk factor for PFP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extraction was performed by 2 independent evaluators, and the data were separated between the military personnel who developed PFP and those who did not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs, and levels of recommendation were determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 11 articles, this review grouped 7518 military personnel, of whom 572 (7.61%) developed PFP. We found moderate evidence that isokinetic knee-extensor weakness at 60\u00b0\/s predicts PFP in the military (SMD = \u22120.69; 95% CI = \u22121.02, \u22120.35). A larger frontal-plane knee-projection angle during the single-legged squat was also identified as a risk factor for PFP in male military personnel (SMD = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.14, 0.97) with a moderate level of evidence. We found moderate evidence that sex, body mass index, isometric knee-extensor strength, and isokinetic knee-flexor strength do not predict PFP in military personnel. Finally, we found strong evidence that age and body mass do not predict PFP in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deficits in isokinetic knee-extensor strength and a greater frontal-plane knee-projection angle are risk factors for PFP in military personnel. Given that these are modifiable factors, these aspects should be considered in injury-prevention interventions in the military.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0526.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T10:43:27Z","timestamp":1721040207000},"page":"359-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Pain in the Military: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Emannuel Alcides Bezerra","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"* Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Programs in"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanderson Jos\u00e9","family":"Costa de Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2020 Public Health 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