{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T06:08:24Z","timestamp":1794377304041,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) is a region-specific, non\u2013disease-specific outcome instrument that possesses many of the clinimetric qualities recommended for an outcome instrument. Evidence of validity to support the use of the FAAM is available in individuals with a wide array of ankle and foot disorders. However, additional evidence to support the use of the FAAM for those with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is needed.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To provide evidence of construct validity for the FAAM based on hypothesis testing in athletes with CAI.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Between-groups comparison.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Athletic training room.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Thirty National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes (16 men, 14 women) from one university.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s):<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The FAAM including activities of daily living (ADL) and sports subscales and the global and categorical ratings of function.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>For both the ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in healthy participants (100 \u00b1 0.0 and 99 \u00b1 3.5, respectively) than in subjects with CAI (88 \u00b1 7.7 and 76 \u00b1 12.7, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). Similarly, for both ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in athletes who indicated that their ankles were <jats:italic>normal<\/jats:italic> (98 \u00b1 6.3 and 96 \u00b1 6.9, respectively) than in those who classified their ankles as either <jats:italic>nearly normal<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>abnormal<\/jats:italic> (87 \u00b1 6.6 and 71 \u00b1 11.1, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). We found relationships between FAAM scores and self-reported global ratings of function for both ADL and sports subscales. Relationships were stronger when all athletes, rather than just those with CAI, were included in the analyses.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The FAAM may be used to detect self-reported functional deficits related to CAI.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,30]],"date-time":"2009-12-30T15:37:50Z","timestamp":1262187470000},"page":"179-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":302,"title":["Validity of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure in Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Carcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RobRoy L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Drouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Junge1","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"565","article-title":"Injuries in team sport tournaments during the 2004 Olympic Games.","volume":"34","author":"Junge, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Junge, A., G.Langevoort, A.Pipe, et al. Injuries in team sport tournaments during the 2004 Olympic Games.Am J Sports Med2006. 34 (4):565\u2013576."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Yeung1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"112","article-title":"An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain.","volume":"28","author":"Yeung, M. S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yeung, M. S., K. M.Chan, C. H.So, and W. Y.Yuan. An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain.Br J Sports Med1994. 28 (2):112\u2013116."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Refshauge1","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","first-page":"10","article-title":"The effect of recurrent ankle inversion sprain and taping on proprioception at the ankle.","volume":"32","author":"Refshauge, K. M.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Refshauge, K. M., S. L.Kilbreath, and J.Raymond. The effect of recurrent ankle inversion sprain and taping on proprioception at the ankle.Med Sci Sports Exerc2000. 32 (1):10\u201315."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Anandacoomarasamy1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"14","article-title":"Long term outcomes of inversion ankle injuries.","volume":"39","author":"Anandacoomarasamy, A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anandacoomarasamy, A. and L.Barnsley. Long term outcomes of inversion ankle injuries.Br J Sports Med2005. 39 (3):14."},{"key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Eechaute1","series-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord","first-page":"6","article-title":"The clinimetric qualities of patient-assessed instruments for measuring chronic ankle instability: a systematic review.","volume":"8","author":"Eechaute, C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eechaute, C., P.Vaes, L.Van Aerschot, S.Asman, and W.Duquet. The clinimetric qualities of patient-assessed instruments for measuring chronic ankle instability: a systematic review.BMC Musculoskelet Disord2007. 8:6."},{"issue":"suppl 7","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Hintermann1","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","first-page":"459S","article-title":"Biomechanics of the unstable ankle joint and clinical implications [abstract].","volume":"31","author":"Hintermann, B.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hintermann, B.\n          \n          Biomechanics of the unstable ankle joint and clinical implications [abstract].\n          Med Sci Sports Exerc\n          1999. 31 (suppl 7):459S\u2013469S."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin1","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"72","article-title":"A survey of self-reported outcome instruments for the foot and ankle.","volume":"37","author":"Martin, R. L.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin, R. L. and J. J.Irrgang. A survey of self-reported outcome instruments for the foot and ankle.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther2007. 37 (2):72\u201384."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Kirshner1","series-title":"J Chronic Dis","first-page":"27","article-title":"A methodological framework for assessing health indices.","volume":"38","author":"Kirshner, B.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kirshner, B. and G.Guyatt. A methodological framework for assessing health indices.J Chronic Dis1985. 38 (1):27\u201336."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Docherty1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"154","article-title":"Development and reliability of the Ankle Instability Instrument.","volume":"41","author":"Docherty, C. L.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Docherty, C. L., B. M.Gansneder, B. L.Arnold, and S. R.Hurwitz. Development and reliability of the Ankle Instability Instrument.J Athl Train2006. 41 (2):154\u2013158."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Hiller1","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"1235","article-title":"The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool: a report of validity and reliability testing.","volume":"87","author":"Hiller, C. E.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hiller, C. E., K. M.Refshauge, A. C.Bundy, R. D.Herbert, and S. L.Kilbreath. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool: a report of validity and reliability testing.Arch Phys Med Rehabil2006. 87 (9):1235\u20131241."},{"key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin2","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"32A","article-title":"Development of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) [abstract].","volume":"29","author":"Martin, R. L.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Martin, R. L., R. G.Burdett, and J. J.Irrgang. Development of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) [abstract].J Orthop Sports Phys Ther1999. 29:32A\u201333A."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin3","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","first-page":"968","article-title":"Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).","volume":"26","author":"Martin, R. L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martin, R. L., J. J.Irrgang, R. G.Burdett, S. F.Conti, and J. M.Van Swearingen. Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).Foot Ankle Int2005. 26 (11):968\u2013983."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin4","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","first-page":"383","article-title":"Current concepts review: foot and ankle outcome instruments.","volume":"27","author":"Martin, R. L.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martin, R. L., J. J.Irrgang, K. A.Lalonde, and S.Conti. Current concepts review: foot and ankle outcome instruments.Foot Ankle Int2006. 27 (5):383\u2013390."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Rozzi1","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"478","article-title":"Balance training for persons with functionally unstable ankles.","volume":"29","author":"Rozzi, S. L.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rozzi, S. L., S. M.Lephart, R.Sterner, and L.Kuligowski. Balance training for persons with functionally unstable ankles.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther1999. 29 (8):478\u2013486."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Roos1","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","first-page":"788","article-title":"Validation of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for ankle ligament reconstruction.","volume":"22","author":"Roos, E. M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roos, E. M., S.Brandsson, and J.Karlsson. Validation of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for ankle ligament reconstruction.Foot Ankle Int2001. 22 (10):788\u2013794."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Hale1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"35","article-title":"Reliability and sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index in subjects with chronic ankle instability.","volume":"40","author":"Hale, S. A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hale, S. A. and J.Hertel. Reliability and sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index in subjects with chronic ankle instability.J Athl Train2005. 40 (1):35\u201340."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Freeman1","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"669","article-title":"Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle.","volume":"47","author":"Freeman, M. A.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Freeman, M. A.\n          \n          Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle.\n          J Bone Joint Surg Br\n          1965. 47 (4):669\u2013677."},{"key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin5","article-title":"Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).","author":"Martin, R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin, R.\n          \n          Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).\n          \n            http:\/\/www.healthsciences.duq.edu\/pdf\/FAAM12-051.pdf.\n          . Accessed October 23,. 2007."},{"key":"i1062-6050-43-2-179-Martin6","article-title":"Scoring instructions for the FAAM.","author":"Martin, R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin, R.\n          \n          Scoring instructions for the FAAM.\n          \n            http:\/\/www.healthsciences.duq.edu\/pdf\/Scoringinstructions.pdf\n          . Accessed October 23,. 2007."}],"container-title":["Journal of Athletic Training"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/43\/2\/article-p179.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/43\/2\/179\/1608452\/1062-6050-43_2_179.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/43\/2\/article-p179.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/43\/2\/article-p179.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:35:04Z","timestamp":1749688504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/43\/2\/article-p179.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.179","relation":{},"ISSN":["1062-6050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1062-6050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}