{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T06:02:12Z","timestamp":1794376932896,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To answer the following clinical questions: (1) Can prophylactic balance and coordination training reduce the risk of sustaining a lateral ankle sprain? (2) Can balance and coordination training improve treatment outcomes associated with acute ankle sprains? (3) Can balance and coordination training improve treatment outcomes in patients with chronic ankle instability?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources:<\/jats:title>\n \n PubMed and CINAHL entries from 1966 through October 2006 were searched using the terms\n ankle sprain, ankle instability, balance, chronic ankle instability, functional ankle instability, postural control,<\/jats:italic>\n and\n postural sway<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Selection:<\/jats:title>\n Only studies assessing the influence of balance training on the primary outcomes of risk of ankle sprain or instrumented postural control measures derived from testing on a stable force plate using the modified Romberg test were included. Studies had to provide results for calculation of relative risk reduction and numbers needed to treat for the injury prevention outcomes or effect sizes for the postural control measures.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction:<\/jats:title>\n We calculated the relative risk reduction and numbers needed to treat to assess the effect of balance training on the risk of incurring an ankle sprain. Effect sizes were estimated with the Cohen d for comparisons of postural control performance between trained and untrained groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Synthesis:<\/jats:title>\n Prophylactic balance training substantially reduced the risk of sustaining ankle sprains, with a greater effect seen in those with a history of a previous sprain. Completing at least 6 weeks of balance training after an acute ankle sprain substantially reduced the risk of recurrent ankle sprains; however, consistent improvements in instrumented measures of postural control were not associated with training. Evidence is lacking to assess the reduction in the risk of recurrent sprains and inconclusive to demonstrate improved instrumented postural control measures in those with chronic ankle instability who complete balance training.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Balance training can be used prophylactically or after an acute ankle sprain in an effort to reduce future ankle sprains, but current evidence is insufficient to assess this effect in patients with chronic ankle instability.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.3.305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,30]],"date-time":"2009-12-30T10:37:40Z","timestamp":1262169460000},"page":"305-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":198,"title":["Systematic Review of Postural Control and Lateral Ankle Instability, Part II: Is Balance Training Clinically Effective?"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Patrick O.","family":"McKeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Hertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Mattacola1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"413","article-title":"Rehabilitation of the ankle after acute sprain or chronic instability.","volume":"37","author":"Mattacola, C. G.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mattacola, C. G. and M. K.Dwyer. Rehabilitation of the ankle after acute sprain or chronic instability.J Athl Train2002. 374:413\u2013429."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Arnold1","series-title":"Clin Sports Med","first-page":"83","article-title":"Bracing and rehabilitation: what's new.","volume":"23","author":"Arnold, B. L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Arnold, B. L. and C. L.Docherty. Bracing and rehabilitation: what's new.Clin Sports Med2004. 231:83\u201395."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Freeman1","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"669","article-title":"Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle.","volume":"47","author":"Freeman, M. A.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Freeman, M. 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The etiology and prevention of functional instability of the foot.J Bone Joint Surg Br1965. 474:678\u2013685."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hertel1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"364","article-title":"Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability.","volume":"37","author":"Hertel, J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hertel, J.\n \n Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability.\n J Athl Train\n 2002. 374:364\u2013375."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hertel2","series-title":"Sports Med","first-page":"361","article-title":"Functional instability following lateral ankle sprain.","volume":"29","author":"Hertel, J.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hertel, J.\n \n Functional instability following lateral ankle sprain.\n Sports Med\n 2000. 295:361\u2013371."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Riemann1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"386","article-title":"Is there a link between chronic ankle instability and postural instability?","volume":"37","author":"Riemann, B. L.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Riemann, B. L.\n \n Is there a link between chronic ankle instability and postural instability?\n J Athl Train\n 2002. 374:386\u2013393."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Riemann2","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","first-page":"388","article-title":"Effect of lateral ankle ligament anesthesia on single-leg stance stability.","volume":"36","author":"Riemann, B. L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Riemann, B. L., J. B.Myers, D. A.Stone, and S. M.Lephart. Effect of lateral ankle ligament anesthesia on single-leg stance stability.Med Sci Sports Exerc2004. 363:388\u2013396."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Myers1","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"498","article-title":"Effect of peripheral afferent alteration of the lateral ankle ligaments on dynamic stability.","volume":"31","author":"Myers, J. B.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Myers, J. B., B. L.Riemann, J. H.Hwang, F. H.Fu, and S. M.Lephart. 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A twofold reduction in the incidence of acute ankle sprains in volleyball after the introduction of an injury prevention program: a prospective cohort study.Scand J Med Sci Sports1997. 73:172\u2013177."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-McGuine1","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"1103","article-title":"The effect of a balance training program on the risk of ankle sprains in high school athletes.","volume":"34","author":"McGuine, T. A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"McGuine, T. A. and J. S.Keene. 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Ligamentous posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis.Am J Sports Med2006. 344:612\u2013620."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-McKeon1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"293","article-title":"Systematic review of postural control and lateral ankle instability, part I: can deficits be detected with instrumented testing?","volume":"43","author":"McKeon, P. O.","year":"2008","unstructured":"McKeon, P. O. and J.Hertel. Systematic review of postural control and lateral ankle instability, part I: can deficits be detected with instrumented testing?J Athl Train2008. 433:293\u2013304."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hertel3","series-title":"Gait Posture","first-page":"33","article-title":"Deficits in time-to-boundary measures of postural control with chronic ankle instability.","volume":"25","author":"Hertel, J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hertel, J. and L. C.Olmsted-Kramer. Deficits in time-to-boundary measures of postural control with chronic ankle instability.Gait Posture2007. 251:33\u201339."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hertel4","series-title":"J Appl Biomech","first-page":"67","article-title":"Time-to-boundary measures of postural control during single leg quiet standing.","volume":"22","author":"Hertel, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hertel, J., L. C.Olmsted-Kramer, and J. H.Challis. Time-to-boundary measures of postural control during single leg quiet standing.J Appl Biomech2006. 221:67\u201373."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Cavanaugh1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"805","article-title":"Detecting altered postural control after cerebral concussion in athletes with normal postural stability.","volume":"39","author":"Cavanaugh, J. T.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cavanaugh, J. T., K. M.Guskiewicz, C.Giuliani, S.Marshall, V.Mercer, and N.Stergiou. Detecting altered postural control after cerebral concussion in athletes with normal postural stability.Br J Sports Med2005. 3911:805\u2013811."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hale1","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"303","article-title":"The effect of a 4-week comprehensive rehabilitation program on postural control and lower extremity function in individuals with chronic ankle instability.","volume":"37","author":"Hale, S. A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hale, S. A., J.Hertel, and L. C.Olmsted-Kramer. The effect of a 4-week comprehensive rehabilitation program on postural control and lower extremity function in individuals with chronic ankle instability.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther2007. 376:303\u2013311."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-Hale2","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"35","article-title":"Reliability and sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index in subjects with chronic ankle instability.","volume":"40","author":"Hale, S. A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hale, S. A. and J.Hertel. Reliability and sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index in subjects with chronic ankle instability.J Athl Train2005. 401:35\u201340."},{"key":"i1062-6050-43-3-305-deVries1","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD004124","article-title":"Interventions for treating chronic ankle instability.","volume":"4","author":"deVries, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"deVries, J., R.Krips, I.Sierevelt, and L.Blankevoort. Interventions for treating chronic ankle instability.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2006. 4:CD004124."}],"container-title":["Journal of Athletic Training"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/43\/3\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/43\/3\/305\/1454297\/1062-6050-43_3_305.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/43\/3\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/attr\/43\/3\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T20:36:53Z","timestamp":1749674213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nata.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/attr\/43\/3\/article-p305.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-43.3.305","relation":{},"ISSN":["1062-6050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1062-6050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}}}