{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:33:39Z","timestamp":1772692419364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Valid and reliable measurements of ankle-complex motion have been reported using the Hollis Ankle Arthrometer. No published normative data of ankle-complex motion obtained from ankle arthrometry are available for use as a reference for clinical decision making.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To describe the distribution variables of ankle-complex motion in uninjured ankles and to establish normative reference values for use in research and to assist in clinical decision making.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Descriptive laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>University research laboratory.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Both ankles of 50 men and 50 women (age = 21.78 \u00b1 2.0\u00a0years [range, 19\u201325\u00a0years]) were tested.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Intervention(s):<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Each ankle underwent anteroposterior (AP) and inversion-eversion (I-E) loading using an ankle arthrometer.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s):<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Recorded anterior, posterior, and total AP displacement (millimeters) at 125\u00a0N and inversion, eversion, and total I-E rotation (degrees) at 4\u00a0Nm.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Women had greater ankle-complex motion for all variables except for posterior displacement. Total AP displacement of the ankle complex was 18.79 \u00b1 4.1\u00a0mm for women and 16.70 \u00b1 4.8\u00a0mm for men (<jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> = 3742.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01). Total I-E rotation of the ankle complex was 42.10\u00b0 \u00b1 9.0\u00b0 for women and 34.13\u00b0 \u00b1 10.1\u00b0 for men (<jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> = 2807, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). All variables were normally distributed except for anterior displacement, inversion rotation, eversion rotation, and total I-E rotation in the women's ankles and eversion rotation in the men's ankles; these variables were skewed positively.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Our study increases the available database on ankle-complex motion, and it forms the basis of norm-referenced clinical comparisons and the basis on which quantitative definitions of ankle pathologic conditions can be developed.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-46.2.126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,10]],"date-time":"2011-03-10T17:48:39Z","timestamp":1299779319000},"page":"126-132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Arthrometric Measurement of Ankle-Complex Motion: Normative Values"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Neil A.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Physical Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile. Mr Schwarz is now at the Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Kovaleski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Physical Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile. Mr Schwarz is now at the Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Heitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Physical Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile. Mr Schwarz is now at the Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry R.","family":"Gurchiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Physical Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile. Mr Schwarz is now at the Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coral","family":"Gubler-Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Physical Education, University of South Alabama, Mobile. Mr Schwarz is now at the Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"i1062-6050-46-2-126-Siegler1","series-title":"J Biomech","first-page":"943","article-title":"A six-degrees-of-freedom instrumented linkage for measuring the flexibility characteristics of the ankle joint complex.","volume":"29","author":"Siegler, S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Siegler, S., S.Lapointe, R.Nobilini, and A. T.Berman. A six-degrees-of-freedom instrumented linkage for measuring the flexibility characteristics of the ankle joint complex.J Biomech1996. 29 (7):943\u2013947."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1062-6050-46-2-126-Hollis1","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"672","article-title":"Simulated lateral ankle ligamentous injury: change in ankle stability.","volume":"23","author":"Hollis, J. M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hollis, J. M., R. D.Blasier, and C. M.Flahiff. Simulated lateral ankle ligamentous injury: change in ankle stability.Am J Sports Med1995. 23 (6):672\u2013677."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1062-6050-46-2-126-Kovaleski1","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"467","article-title":"Assessment of ankle-subtalar-joint-complex laxity using an instrumented ankle arthrometer: an experimental cadaveric investigation.","volume":"37","author":"Kovaleski, J. E.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kovaleski, J. E., J.Hollis, R. J.Heitman, L. R.Gurchiek, and A. W.Pearsall4th. 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