{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:15:20Z","timestamp":1790018120362,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knee-valgus motion is a potential risk factor for certain lower extremity injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament injury and patellofemoral pain. Identifying neuromuscular characteristics associated with knee-valgus motion, such as hip and lower leg muscle activation, may improve our ability to prevent lower extremity injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We hypothesized that hip and lower leg muscle-activation amplitude would differ among individuals displaying knee valgus (medial knee displacement) during a double-legged squat compared with those who did not display knee valgus. We further suggested that the use of a heel lift would alter lower leg muscle activation and frontal-plane knee motion in those demonstrating medial knee displacement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Research laboratory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 37 healthy participants were assigned to the control (n = 19) or medial-knee-displacement (n = 18) group based on their double-legged squat performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle-activation amplitude for the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, adductor magnus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior was measured during 2 double-legged squat tasks. The first task consisted of performing a double-legged squat without a heel lift; the second consisted of performing a double-legged squat task with a 2-in (5.08-cm) lift under the heels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle-activation amplitude for the hip adductor, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior was greater in those who displayed knee valgus than in those who did not (P &amp;lt; .05). Also, use of heel lifts resulted in decreased activation of the gluteus maximus, hip adductor, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles (P &amp;lt; .05). Use of heel lifts also eliminated medially directed frontal-plane knee motion in those displaying medial knee displacement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medial knee displacement during squatting tasks appears to be associated with increased hip-adductor activation and increased coactivation of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.5.10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]],"date-time":"2017-03-02T10:14:33Z","timestamp":1488449673000},"page":"525-536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Neuromuscular Characteristics of Individuals Displaying Excessive Medial Knee Displacement"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Darin A.","family":"Padua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Kinesiology and Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison School of Medicine and Public Health;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micheal A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2021National Academy of Sports Medicine, Chandler, AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2020060411444741000_i1062-6050-47-5-525-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466050-00010","article-title":"Patellofemoral contact pressures: the influence of Q-angle and tendofemoral contact","volume":"66","author":"Huberti","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg 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