{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T23:30:41Z","timestamp":1773790241490,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Force sense impairments are associated with functional ankle instability. Stochastic resonance stimulation (SRS) may have implications for correcting these force sense deficits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003To determine if SRS improved force sense.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Research laboratory.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Twelve people with functional ankle instability (age = 23 \u00b1 3 years, height = 174 \u00b1 8 cm, mass = 69 \u00b1 10 kg) and 12 people with stable ankles (age = 22 \u00b1 2 years, height = 170 \u00b1 7 cm, mass = 64 \u00b1 10 kg).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Intervention(s)<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003The eversion force sense protocol required participants to reproduce a targeted muscle tension (10% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction). This protocol was assessed under SRSon and SRSoff (control) conditions. During SRSon, random subsensory mechanical noise was applied to the lower leg at a customized optimal intensity for each participant.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Constant error, absolute error, and variable error measures quantified accuracy, overall performance, and consistency of force reproduction, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003With SRS, we observed main effects for force sense absolute error (SRSoff = 1.01 \u00b1 0.67 N, SRSon = 0.69 \u00b1 0.42 N) and variable error (SRSoff = 1.11 \u00b1 0.64 N, SRSon = 0.78 \u00b1 0.56 N) (P &amp;lt; .05). No other main effects or treatment-by-group interactions were found (P &amp;gt; .05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2003Although SRS reduced the overall magnitude (absolute error) and variability (variable error) of force sense errors, it had no effect on the directionality (constant error). Clinically, SRS may enhance muscle tension ability, which could have treatment implications for ankle stability.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.5.06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T17:51:56Z","timestamp":1434736316000},"page":"819-824","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Noise-Enhanced Eversion Force Sense in Ankles With or Without Functional Instability"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Scott E.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelley W.","family":"Linens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia State University, Atlanta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia J.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitworth University, Spokane, 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