{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:44:03Z","timestamp":1791413043527,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"Exercise conducted in hot, humid environments increases the risk for exertional heat stroke (EHS). The current recommended treatment of EHS is cold-water immersion; however, limitations may require the use of alternative resources such as a cold shower (CS) or dousing with a hose to cool EHS patients.Context: <\/jats:p>\n To investigate the cooling effectiveness of a CS after exercise-induced hyperthermia.Objective: <\/jats:p>\n Randomized, crossover controlled study.Design: <\/jats:p>\n Environmental chamber (temperature = 33.4\u00b0C \u00b1 2.1\u00b0C; relative humidity = 27.1% \u00b1 1.4%).Setting: <\/jats:p>\n Seventeen participants (10 male, 7 female; height = 1.75 \u00b1 0.07 m, body mass = 70.4 \u00b1 8.7 kg, body surface area = 1.85 \u00b1 0.13 m2<\/jats:sup>, age range = 19\u201335 years) volunteered.Patients or Other Participants: <\/jats:p>\n On 2 occasions, participants completed matched-intensity volitional exercise on an ergometer or treadmill to elevate rectal temperature to \u226539\u00b0C or until participant fatigue prevented continuation (reaching at least 38.5\u00b0C). They were then either treated with a CS (20.8\u00b0C \u00b1 0.80\u00b0C) or seated in the chamber (control [CON] condition) for 15 minutes.Intervention(s): <\/jats:p>\n Rectal temperature, calculated cooling rate, heart rate, and perceptual measures (thermal sensation and perceived muscle pain).Main Outcome Measure(s): <\/jats:p>\n The rectal temperature (P<\/jats:italic> = .98), heart rate (P<\/jats:italic> = .85), thermal sensation (P<\/jats:italic> = .69), and muscle pain (P =<\/jats:italic> .31) were not different during exercise for the CS and CON trials (P<\/jats:italic> > .05). Overall, the cooling rate was faster during CS (0.07\u00b0C\/min \u00b1 0.03\u00b0C\/min) than during CON (0.04\u00b0C\/min \u00b1 0.03\u00b0C\/min; t<\/jats:italic>16<\/jats:sub> = 2.77, P<\/jats:italic> = .01). Heart-rate changes were greater during CS (45 \u00b1 20 beats per minute) compared with CON (27 \u00b1 10 beats per minute; t<\/jats:italic>16<\/jats:sub> = 3.32, P<\/jats:italic> = .004). Thermal sensation was reduced to a greater extent with CS than with CON (F<\/jats:italic>3,45<\/jats:sub> = 41.12, P<\/jats:italic> < .001).Results: <\/jats:p>\n Although the CS facilitated cooling rates faster than no treatment, clinicians should continue to advocate for accepted cooling modalities and use CS only if no other validated means of cooling are available.Conclusions: <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-51.4.01","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T17:47:32Z","timestamp":1474307252000},"page":"252-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Physiologic and Perceptual Responses to Cold-Shower Cooling After Exercise-Induced Hyperthermia"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Cory L.","family":"Butts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendon P.","family":"McDermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Buening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana State University, Terre Haute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Bonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Ganio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. D.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros A.","family":"Kavouras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas, Fayetteville;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"i1062-6050-51-3-252-b01","series-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep","first-page":"309","article-title":"Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes","volume":"4","author":"Casa \n DJ,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Casa \n DJ, \n \n \n Armstrong \n LE, \n \n \n Ganio \n MS, \n \n \n Yeargin \n SW. \n \n \n Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes. 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