{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T18:19:51Z","timestamp":1776190791254,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"National Athletic Trainers' Association","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"\n Context:\u2003<\/jats:bold>Spinal musculature fatigue from vehicle exposure may place warfighters at risk for spinal injuries and pain. Research on the relationship between vehicle exposure and spinal musculature fatigue is conflicting. A better understanding of the effect of military duty on musculoskeletal function is needed before sports medicine teams can develop injury-prevention programs.<\/jats:p>\n \n Objective:\u2003<\/jats:bold>To determine if the literature supports a definite effect of vehicle exposure on spinal musculature fatigue.<\/jats:p>\n \n Data Sources:\u2003<\/jats:bold>We searched the MEDLINE, Military & Government Collection (EBSCO), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Technical Information Center, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for articles published between January 1990 and September 2015.<\/jats:p>\n \n Study Selection:\u2003<\/jats:bold>To be included, a study required a clear sampling method, preexposure and postexposure assessments of fatigue, a defined objective measurement of fatigue, a defined exposure time, and a study goal of exposing participants to forces related to vehicle exposure.<\/jats:p>\n \n Data Extraction:\u2003<\/jats:bold>Sample size, mean preexposure and postexposure measures of fatigue, vehicle type, and exposure time.<\/jats:p>\n \n Data Synthesis:\u2003<\/jats:bold>Six studies met the inclusion criteria. We used the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network algorithm to determine the appropriate tool for quality appraisal of each article. Unweighted random-effects model meta-analyses were conducted, and a natural log response ratio was used as the effect metric. The overall meta-analysis demonstrated that vehicle exposure increased fatigue of the spinal musculature (P<\/jats:italic> = .03; natural log response ratio = \u22120.22, 95% confidence interval = \u22120.42, \u22120.02). Using the spinal region as a moderator, we observed that vehicle ride exposure significantly increased fatigue at the lumbar musculature (P<\/jats:italic> = .02; natural log response ratio = \u22120.27, 95% confidence interval = \u22120.50, \u22120.04) but not at the cervical or thoracic region.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions:\u2003<\/jats:bold>Vehicle exposure increased fatigue at the lumbar region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-51.9.13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T20:51:24Z","timestamp":1483995084000},"page":"981-990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Vehicle Exposure and Spinal Musculature Fatigue in Military Warfighters: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4085","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Roger O.","family":"Kollock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitative Sciences, The University of Tulsa, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth E.","family":"Games","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan E.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, AL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JoEllen M.","family":"Sefton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, AL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2557","reference":[{"key":"i1062-6050-51-11-981-b01","series-title":"US Army Med Dep J","article-title":"Strategies for optimizing military physical readiness and preventing musculoskeletal injuries in the 21st century","author":"Nindl \n BC,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nindl \n BC, \n \n \n Williams \n TJ, \n \n \n Deuster \n PA, \n \n \n Butler \n NL, \n \n \n Jones \n BH. \n \n \n Strategies for optimizing military physical readiness and preventing musculoskeletal injuries in the 21st century. 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