{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T18:28:06Z","timestamp":1740162486568,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Korean Diabetes Association","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1I1A1A01059818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1I1A1A01059818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003627","name":"Rural Development Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJ01345301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJ01345301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-dmj.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Metab J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Neonatal porcine pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) have been proposed as an alternative source of \u03b2 cells for islet transplantation because of their low cost and growth potential after transplantation. However, the delayed glucose lowering effect due to the immaturity of NPCCs and immunologic rejection remain as a barrier to NPCC\u2019s clinical application. Here, we demonstrate accelerated differentiation and immune-tolerant NPCCs by &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;\/i&gt; chemical treatment and microencapsulation.Methods: NPCCs isolated from 3-day-old piglets were cultured in F-10 media and then microencapsulated with alginate on day 5. Differentiation of NPCCs is facilitated by media supplemented with activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor II, triiodothyronine and exendin-4 for 2 weeks. Marginal number of microencapsulated NPCCs to cure diabetes with and without differentiation were transplanted into diabetic mice and observed for 8 weeks.Results: The proportion of insulin-positive cells and insulin mRNA levels of NPCCs were significantly increased &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;\/i&gt; in the differentiated group compared with the undifferentiated group. Blood glucose levels decreased eventually after transplantation of microencapsulated NPCCs in diabetic mice and normalized after 7 weeks in the differentiated group. In addition, the differentiated group showed nearly normal glucose tolerance at 8 weeks after transplantation. In contrast, neither blood glucose levels nor glucose tolerance were improved in the undifferentiated group. Retrieved graft in the differentiated group showed greater insulin response to high glucose compared with the undifferentiated group.Conclusion: &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;\/i&gt; differentiation of microencapsulated immature NPCCs increased the proportion of insulin-positive cells and improved transplant efficacy in diabetic mice without immune rejection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T00:56:18Z","timestamp":1644195378000},"page":"677-688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4093\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differentiation of Microencapsulated Neonatal Porcine Pancreatic Cell Clusters in Vitro Improves Transplant Efficacy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mice"],"prefix":"10.4093","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6988-8018","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gyeong-Jin","family":"Cheon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heon-Seok","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min 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