{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T05:06:44Z","timestamp":1783919204326,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Korean Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A5A2030333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A5A2030333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2024-00440371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00440371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006107","name":"Gachon University Gil Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRD2023-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRD2023-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-dmj.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Metab J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in physical activity patterns following a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of developing depression.Methods: This study used comprehensive diabetes data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. From this dataset, we included 254,619 individuals newly diagnosed with T2DM between 2009 and 2015 who had health examination data within 2 years before and after their diagnosis date and no prior history of depression. Physical activity levels were quantified using the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) method.Results: Compared with individuals with 0 MET-min\/wk of physical activity before a new T2DM diagnosis, those who increased their activity levels to 500\u2013999 MET-min\/wk after diagnosis showed a 23% reduction in the risk of depression, while an increase to \u22651,000 MET-min\/wk was associated with a 25% reduction in depression risk. Conversely, individuals with 1\u2013499 MET-min\/wk before diagnosis who became inactive after diagnosis experienced a 25% increased risk of depression. A similar trend toward increased depression risk was observed among those who reduced their physical activity from 500\u2013999 or \u22651,000 MET-min\/wk.Conclusion: Changes in physical activity levels before and after a new diagnosis of T2DM significantly influence the risk of developing depression, with increased activity reducing the risk and decreased activity elevating it. This finding underscores the importance of encouraging physical activity to support mental health in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2025.0766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T06:38:26Z","timestamp":1771828706000},"page":"785-796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4093\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between Changes in Physical Activity and Incident Depression among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.4093","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4094-4053","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sangwoo","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6368-0221","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Back","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Jun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Jae","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jina","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seogsong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8832-3052","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dae Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4554-3781","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soo Jung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2567","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2016.1168291","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0347-4","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1069","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"The prevalence of comorbid depression in adults with diabetes: a meta-analysis","author":"Anderson","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110774","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"A14","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"The vital link between chronic disease and depressive disorders","author":"Chapman","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-5996-3-26","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1056-8727(04)00004-2","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.21.3278","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157339909788166828","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20288","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17111194","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2019.07.010","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-103140","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017937","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.035","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333721421995623","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.03.014","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz768","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1757975919854301","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.2015.36.3.135","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz564","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab139","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/7560390","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-87523-5","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291724000515","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1217104","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"2395","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"The impact of structured exercise programs on metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review","author":"Joseph","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Structured education and neuromuscular exercise program for hip and\/or knee osteoarthritis: a health technology assessment","year":"2018","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbr034","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.10.418","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"305","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Does treatment of subsyndromal depression improve depression-related and diabetes-related outcomes?: a randomised controlled comparison of psychoeducation, physical exercise and enhanced treatment as usual","author":"Pibernik-Okanovic","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-011-9507-9","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.02.005","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyae059.357","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2023.102382","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c150042","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"396","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Biological basis of depression in adults with diabetes","author":"Champaneri","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(90)90106-f","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.10.019","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/psy.0b013e318229e1e0","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009971","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.11.2603","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2522","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.05.017","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721712452796","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2014.924858","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0289-5","type":"journal-article"}],"container-title":["Diabetes &amp; Metabolism Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-dmj.org\/upload\/pdf\/dmj-2025-0766.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-dmj.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4093\/dmj.2025.0766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-dmj.org\/upload\/pdf\/dmj-2025-0766.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T04:58:29Z","timestamp":1783918709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-dmj.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4093\/dmj.2025.0766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4093\/dmj.2025.0766","relation":{},"ISSN":["2233-6079","2233-6087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2233-6079","type":"print"},{"value":"2233-6087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}