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However, the evaluation of \u03b2-cell insulin secretory capacity is often challenging in clinical practice due to its inherent complexity. This review presents a comprehensive technical overview of diverse assessment methodologies, ranging from conventional fasting-based indices and glucose tolerance tests to advanced mathematical modeling and artificial intelligence-driven approaches. A detailed examination of the methodological strengths and limitations of these various tools is provided to guide their appropriate clinical application. Furthermore, we explore the clinical implications of these assessments in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and tailoring therapeutic strategies. Particular emphasis is placed on the pivotal role of \u03b2-cell function evaluation in predicting and achieving diabetes remission\u2014an emerging clinical priority. 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