{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:10:27Z","timestamp":1790838627338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1F1A1046796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1F1A1046796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-chnr.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Health Nurs Res"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: This study describes the development of a violence prevention educational program for elementary school children using empathy (VPEP-E) that teachers can use during class.Methods: Hoffman's theory of empathy and Seels and Richey's (1994) ADDIE model were applied to develop this program.Results: The developed program consisted of eight sessions: \"Orientation\/definition of violence and empathy\", \"Types and boundaries of violence\", \"Look into my feelings\", \"Say it with a facial expression\", \"Preventing non-empathic violence due to social prejudice\", \"Preventing physical violence\", \"Verbal and online violence prevention: empathic conversation\", and \"I can do well: review of the whole curriculum\". The program was evaluated by 15 elementary school teachers, who considered it to be easily accessible to elementary school students. The final VPEP-E, which will be provided in eight times for 40 minutes each for fifth-grade students, will provide a basis for preventing violence by fostering empathy.Conclusion: We expect the developed educational program to be effective in preventing violence among elementary school students. However, further research involving children from various age groups is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4094\/chnr.2020.26.4.422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T02:35:00Z","timestamp":1604370900000},"page":"422-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4094\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development of a Violence Prevention Educational Program for Elementary School Children Using Empathy (VPEP-E)"],"prefix":"10.4094","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"So 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