{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:58:51Z","timestamp":1777863531995,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-chnr.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Health Nurs Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Although pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease, its incidence increased rapidly in Guro-gu, Seoul, since May 2024. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis cases and outbreaks during this period.Methods: Data from epidemiologic investigations of 355 laboratory-confirmed pertussis cases reported in 2024 in Guro-gu, Seoul, were analyzed using national surveillance records. Demographics, vaccination status, outbreak-associated educational settings, and symptom-to-test intervals were analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests.Results: Between May and December 2024, 355 cases were reported, 85.4% of which occurred among school-aged children and adolescents, representing a marked increase compared with previous years. Outbreaks were identified in two elementary schools, three middle schools, and four private academies, indicating clustered transmission in educational settings, with school-based attack rates ranging from 3.2% to 6.3%. Among 146 outbreak-associated school cases, 95.4% had completed age-appropriate vaccination on time. The symptom-to-test interval showed a right-skewed distribution (median, 6 days; interquartile range, 3\u201311), with longer delays observed in high school students.Conclusion: The sharp increase in pertussis cases among school-aged children underscores the need for strengthened surveillance in educational settings and improved timeliness of testing to reduce transmission. Delays in symptom-to-test intervals and the occurrence of cases despite age-appropriate vaccination suggest possible waning immunity, highlighting the importance of evaluating booster vaccination strategies and targeted age-specific public health interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4094\/chnr.2025.058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:27:15Z","timestamp":1777526835000},"page":"203-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4094\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sudden pertussis outbreaks in Guro-gu, Seoul: epidemiological characteristics and contributing factors in 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