{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:41:26Z","timestamp":1790707286843,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ekja.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) commonly occurs after spinal anesthesia; however, its incidence rate and predictors have been scarcely studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its incidence rate and potential predictors.Methods: The electronic medical records of 6,610 consecutive patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were reviewed between January 2016 and December 2020. The primary outcome was PONV incidence within 24 h after spinal anesthesia. Along with its incidence rate, we investigated its predictors using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: Among the 5,691 patients included in the analysis, 1,298 (22.8%) experienced PONV within 24 h after spinal anesthesia. Female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 3.23, 95% CI [2.72, 3.83], P &lt; 0.001), nonsmoker (OR: 2.12, 95% CI [1.46, 3.07], P &lt; 0.001), history of PONV (OR: 1.52, 95% CI [1.26, 1.82], P &lt; 0.001), prophylactic 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist use (OR: 0.35, 95% CI [0.24, 0.50], P &lt; 0.001), prophylactic steroid use (OR: 0.53, 95% CI [0.44, 0.62], P &lt; 0.001), baseline heart rate \u2265 60 beats\/min (OR: 1.38, 95% CI [1.10, 1.72], P = 0.005), and postoperative opioid use (OR: 2.57, 95% CI [1.80, 3.67], P &lt; 0.001), were significant predictors of the primary outcome.Conclusions: Our study showed the common incidence of PONV after spinal anesthesia and its significant predictors. A better understanding of its predictors may provide important information for its management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.22237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T02:57:37Z","timestamp":1657681057000},"page":"99-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4097\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Retrospective analysis of the incidence and predictors of postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopedic surgery under spinal 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